Contents -- List of Abbreviations and Acronyms -- About the Transnational Institute -- Introduction -- HUMANITARIAN DEBATES IN THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM -- THE RIGHT TO HUMANITARIAN AID -- THE ETHICAL DIMENSION:THE LIMITS OF UNIVERSALITY -- TENSIONS AND DOMINATION:JOURNALISM AND THE STATE -- COORDINATING THE ACTORS:LEARNING FROM EXPERIENCE -- HUMANITARIAN PARTNERS OR UNTRUSTWORTHY COMBATANTS? -- SIMILARITIES AND CONTRADICTIONS OF HUMANITARIAN ACTION AND DEVELOPMENT -- NOTE -- 1. Humanitarian Principles in International Politics in the 1990s -- THE CHANGED ROLE OF HUMANITARIAN ISSUES SINCE 1989 -- FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE CENTRALITY OF HUMANITARIAN ISSUES -- SIX UNITED NATIONS-RELATED DEVELOPMENTS -- CONCLUSIONS FROM EXPERIENCES OF THE 1990s -- POSTSCRIPT ON THE KOSOVO CRISIS 1999 -- 2. The Right to Humanitarian Aid: Basis and Limitations -- THE LEGAL BASIS FOR THE RIGHT TO HUMANITARIAN AID -- THE GENEVA CONVENTIONS OF 1949 AND THE ADDITIONAL PROTOCOLS OF 1977 -- COMMON PRACTICE -- THE PRACTICE OF STATES -- THE SPIRITUAL ELEMENT -- GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW -- THE LAW: HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTIONS -- THE RIGHT TO LIFE -- THE RIGHT TO FOOD -- THE RIGHT TO BASIC HEALTHCARE -- THE RIGHT TO PHYSICAL WELL-BEING -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- 3. The Ethical Framework of Humanitarian Action -- SPECIFIC PRINCIPLES OF HUMANITARIAN ACTION -- CULTURAL RESPECT AND THE PARTICIPATION OF THOSE AFFECTED -- PRACTICAL WISDOM IN HUMANITARIAN ACTION -- NOTES -- 4. The Complex Nature of Actors in Humanitarian Action and the Challenge of Coordination -- AN INCREASINGLY COMPLICATED SCENARIO -- THE ARMED FORCES AND HUMANITARIAN ACTION -- THE CHALLENGES OF COORDINATION -- THE COORDINATING ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS: SOME REFLECTIONS -- COORDINATION WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION -- THE POSITIONS OF THE OECD 'S AID DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE -- NGO COORDINATION FOCUSES.

COORDINATION WITHIN THE INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT OF THE RED CROSS AND THE RED CRESCENT: THE SEVILLE AGREEMENT -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- 5. Subalterns on the Aid Chain -- COMPETING PERSPECTIVES -- ALONG THE CHAIN OF AID -- PROSPECTS AND POINTERS -- NOTES -- 6. Relief, Development and Humanitarian Intervention -- SETTING THE SCENE:RELIEF,DEVELOPMENT AND THE RISE OF HUMANITARIANISM -- THE COLD WAR ENVIRONMENT -- THE POST-COLD WAR ENVIRONMENT -- HUMANITARIANISM IN PRACTICE: THE REALITY BEYOND THE RHETORIC -- RELIEF AND HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION -- DEVELOPMENT AND HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION -- NON-MILITARY HUMANITARIANISM IN PRACTICE -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- 7. The Media and the Humanitarian Spectacle -- HUMANITARIAN CRISES AND LOCAL MEDIA -- THE HUMANITARIAN CRISIS IN THE WORLD'S MOST POWERFUL COUNTRIES -- PARTIAL HUMANITARIANISM ACCORDING TO THE INTERESTS OF INDIVIDUAL STATES -- THE DICTATORSHIP OF LIVE BROADCASTS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- 8. Chronicle of Ajiep, Bahr el Ghazal, Sudan, 1998 -- INTRODUCTION -- UNJUSTIFIED MORTALITY LEVELS -- OPERATION LIFELINE SUDAN -- THE EXAMPLE OF AJIEP, A VILLAGE IN BAHREL GHAZAL -- THE FAILURE OF THE OLS SYSTEM -- NOTES -- List of Contributors -- Index -- Acumcum 183 -- Afghanistan 64 -- Africa 144 -- Africa Watch 153 -- aid chains -- bottom-up approach 123 -- calls for reform 135-7 -- top down process 120-1 -- aid workers -- held to ransom 128 -- protection for 31-2 -- protection for 39 -- protection for 44-5 -- protection for 64 -- protection for 73 -- Ajiep -- 14 -- 178 -- 181 -- 182-8 -- Albania, Kosovar refugees -- 13 -- 134 -- Albanians 6 -- AlertNet [Reuters Foundation] 171 -- Almansa, F. 84 -- Amnesty International 94 -- Angola -- 1 -- 161 -- Annan, Kofi 19 -- Aranguren, L.A. 97 -- Aristotle 91 -- armed forces, role of 102-3 -- arms control 3-4 -- Asamoah, O.Y. 69 -- assets, forcible transfer of.

128 -- 153 -- 154 -- Australia, and East Timor 20 -- autonomy -- 10 -- 14 -- 82 -- 84-6 -- 120 -- Aweil 182 -- Bahr el Ghazal -- 177 -- 178 -- 179 -- 181-8 -- Bararud 183 -- Barre, Siad 128-9 -- basic needs -- assessment of 178 -- assessment of 181 -- assessment of 183-4 -- assessment of 185 -- assessment of 189 -- and right to survive 70-1 -- definition of 83 -- satisfaction of 9 -- satisfaction of 13 -- satisfaction of 81 -- satisfaction of 82-4 -- satisfaction of 111 -- beneficiaries/victims -- 13 -- 120-37 -- as active agents in recovery 123 -- northern-based 124-5 -- stronger victims 130-2 -- vulnerable victims 133 -- Bettati, Mario -- 67 -- 72 -- Biafra 66 -- Bihac 38 -- Blondel, J.L. 73 -- Blue Nile 180 -- Bol, Kerubino Kuanyin -- 182 -- 183 -- bombing campaigns -- 6 -- 48 -- 51-2 -- 53 -- Bosnia -- 2 -- 17 -- 146 -- 169 -- Operation Deliberate Force 33 -- Operation Deliberate Force 39 -- safe areas 36 -- safe areas 37-8 -- Botes, Johannes 167 -- Bourdieu, Pierre -- 160 -- 165 -- Boutros-Ghali, Boutros -- 16-17 -- 146 -- Brauman, R. -- Brauman, R 83 -- Brauman, R 161 -- Burundi 1 -- Bush, George 148 -- business entrepreneurs 126-8 -- Cambodia -- 146 -- 161 -- Canadian Airborne Regiment 33 -- Capa, Robert 160 -- Carrillo, J.A. 62 -- Central America 132 -- Centre for Peace Research [CIP] -- 1 -- 10 -- Chambers, Robert -- 122 -- 134 -- Chechnya -- 19 -- 20-1 -- killing of Red Cross workers 44 -- killing of Red Cross workers 45 -- children -- blanket feeding 184 -- blanket feeding 185 -- blanket feeding 186 -- blanket feeding 187 -- mortality 71 -- right to food 72 -- China -- 9 -- 161 -- citizen-state reciprocity -- 125 -- 136 -- civil wars -- 5 -- 31-2 -- civilians -- 31 -- 59 -- Clausewitz, K.M. von -- 47 -- 171 -- CNN syndrome 168-9 -- Cold War -- end of 2 -- end of 4 -- end of 16 -- end of 27 -- end of 35.

humanitarian action during 15-16 -- humanitarian action during 142-3 -- Colombia -- 64 -- 108 -- Common Agricultural Policy 106 -- compassion -- 78-9 -- 80 -- complex political emergencies [CPEs] -- and human rights 18 -- and humanitarian aid 149 -- and humanitarian aid 150 -- and humanitarian aid 154 -- and media censorship 158 -- and transfer of assets 128 -- and transfer of assets 128 -- and transfer of assets 153 -- and transfer of assets 153 -- and transfer of assets 164 -- and transfer of assets 164 -- coordination of action 100 -- coordination of action 104-5 -- coordination of action 108 -- Concern 186 -- conflict entrepreneurs 128-9 -- conflicts -- 1-2 -- and lack of development 16 -- ethnic and religious 4 -- ethnic and religious 27-8 -- root causes of 145 -- root causes of 146 -- Congo 1 -- Connor, M. 108 -- consequentialism 90-1 -- Consolidated Appeals Process [CAP] 105 -- Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons [1980] 25 -- Convention on the Safety of UN and Associated Personnel -- 25 -- 45 -- coordination -- 11-14 -- 67-8 -- 100 -- 103-16 -- and leadership 115-16 -- and UN's role 12 -- and UN's role 104-6 -- and UN's role 110 -- and UN's role 116 -- between donors 110 -- DAC guidelines 109-11 -- Global Plans 108 -- types of 104 -- crimes against humanity -- 33 -- 50 -- crises -- as public spectacle 157-8 -- as public spectacle 160 -- complexity of 170 -- emotional response to 164-5 -- generating gains for business 127-8 -- prevention of 9 -- prevention of 18 -- prevention of 84 -- prevention of 143 -- prevention of 172 -- Cuba -- 108 -- 125 -- 161 -- cultural respect -- 9 -- 10 -- 84-6 -- Dayton Agreement -- 19 -- 28 -- 52 -- de Waal, A. 131 -- democracy -- 9 -- 173 -- deontological theory of ethics -- 10 -- 90-1 -- Department of Humanitarian Affairs [DHA] -- 12 -- 101 -- 104-5.

Derradji, Taoufiq 158 -- destructive tendencies -- 9 -- 78 -- 79 -- development cooperation -- 15-18 -- 81 -- 84-5 -- 94 -- 106 -- 109 -- conflicting interests 151 -- in political context 150-1 -- Dinkas 183 -- displaced people -- 1 -- 20-1 -- 134-5 -- 177-8 -- 183-6 -- and cheap labour 127 -- and cheap labour 134 -- Doctors of the World 67 -- donor fatigue 151 -- Dunant, Henry 58 -- Durand, A. 55 -- Dutch government, and Sudan 180 -- East Timor 19-20 -- El Salvador -- 61 -- 146 -- elections, observation 17 -- emergency aid -- and development measures 18 -- and development measures 143 -- and development measures 154 -- distribution control 178 -- distribution control 180 -- distribution control 181 -- distribution control 183-6 -- distribution control 190 -- ends and means 90-3 -- environment, protection in time of war 25 -- Epicentre -- 184 -- 186 -- 187 -- epidemics -- 71 -- 186 -- Eritrea -- 18 -- 125 -- 132 -- Ethiopia -- 18 -- 132 -- European Commission -- Humanitarian Office [ECHO] 8 -- Humanitarian Office [ECHO] 12 -- Humanitarian Office [ECHO] 26 -- Humanitarian Office [ECHO] 100 -- Humanitarian Office [ECHO] 101 -- Humanitarian Office [ECHO] 107-9 -- Framework Contract of Association 108-9 -- European Union -- Common Security and Foreign Policy [CSFP] 101 -- Common Security and Foreign Policy [CSFP] 106 -- and East Timor 20 -- and humanitarian aid 55 -- and humanitarian aid 65-6 -- and humanitarian aid 106-9 -- and Sudan 180 -- events, money raising 164 -- famines -- 1 -- 16 -- 124 -- 143 -- Sudan 14 -- Sudan 177-8 -- Sudan 182 -- Sudan 183-4 -- FAO [Food and Agriculture Organisation] 106 -- food aid -- 124-5 -- 134 -- 177-81 -- 183-90 -- failure of 185-90 -- Food Basket Monitoring 190 -- food, right to 71-2 -- France, and Rwanda -- 36 -- 38 -- 39 -- 150 -- Fundacíon Hogar del Empleado -- 1 -- 21.

Garang, Colonel John 182.