Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Editor's Note -- 1. Plants That Are Eaten -- Domesticated plants -- Sunflowers -- Corn-smut -- Prairie turnips -- Jerusalem artichokes -- Hogpeanut -- Chokecherries -- Buffaloberries -- Gooseberries -- Black currants -- Wild grapes -- 2. Plants That Can Be Eaten -- Hawthorns -- Wild white onions -- Ball cactus -- 3. Plants That Are Sweet -- Juneberries -- White juneberries -- Wild plums -- Strawberries -- Roses -- Red raspberries -- Biscuitroot -- Nannyberries -- Purple prairie clover -- 4. Plants That Are Good to Chew -- Sticky gum -- Pine pitch -- 5. Plants That Smell Good -- Purple meadow-rue -- Blue giant hyssop -- Sweetgrass -- Wild bergamot -- Pine needles -- Perfumes used in beds -- Beaver musk -- 6. Plants That Have Medicinal Uses -- Big medicine -- White and red baneberry -- Gumweed -- Purple coneflower -- "Medicine in the woods" -- Poison ivy -- Unknown grass -- Peppermint -- 7. Plants Used for Fiber -- Dogbane -- Upright sedge -- Grasswork ornaments on leggings -- 8. Plants Used for Smoking -- Tobacco 9a -- Tobacco 9b -- Red-osier dogwood -- Bearberry -- Bearberry or kinnikinnick -- 9. Plants Used for Dye and Coloring -- Yellow owl's-clover -- Water smartweed -- Dye plants-unidentified -- 10. Plants Used for Toys -- Umakixeke, or game of throwing sticks -- Popguns -- A toy horse -- Reed whistle -- 11. Plants Used for Utilitarian Purposes -- Cordgrass -- Buckbrush -- Cattails -- Boxelder -- Buffalograss -- Big bluestem -- Common rush -- Scouringrush horsetail -- Puffball -- Snakewood -- Goldenrod -- Prairie grasses as fodder -- 12. Plants Used for Rituals or with Ritual Significance -- The three kinds of sage -- Pasture sage 1 -- Pasture sage 2 -- Common sagewort -- Black sage -- Fringed sage -- Juniper (Cedar).

Creeping juniper -- Prairie sandreed -- Bittersweet -- 13. Sources of Wood -- Wood as a resource -- Cottonwood -- Ash -- Peachleaf willow -- Sandbar willow -- Heart-leaved willow -- Quaking aspen -- American elm -- Water birch -- Boxelder -- 14. Uses of Wood -- Gathering firewood -- Digging-sticks -- Mortar and pestle -- Making a bullboat frame -- Making a wooden bowl -- Rakes (and the bison scapula hoe) -- Paddle for working clay pots (cottonwood bark) -- 15. Arrows -- Significance and utility -- Making arrows -- Types of arrows -- Bows -- Arrows for boys -- Mock battle with grass arrows -- 16. Earthlodges -- Building an earthlodge -- On Earthlodges (The observations of Hairy Coat and Not A Woman) -- Winter lodges and twin lodges -- The peaked or tipi-shaped hunting lodge -- The use of sod as an earthlodge covering -- Dismantling an old earthlodge -- Like-a-Fishhook Village and environs -- 17. Miscellaneous Material -- Basket making -- Native drinks of the Hidatsas -- How our meals were served -- Nettles -- Forest fire -- Conclusion -- Appendix: Frederick N. Wilson's Comments -- Bibliography -- About the Authors.