NEPAL IN THE 21ST CENTURY -- NEPAL IN THE 21ST CENTURY -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- DEMOGRAPHY, ETHNICITY AND SOCIETY -- INTRODUCTION -- GEOGRAPHY -- DEMOGRAPHY -- Population Growth -- Fertility -- Mortality -- Demographic Transition (DT) -- Population Planning -- ETHNICITY -- Caste System -- Languages -- SOCIETY -- Urbanization -- Economy -- CONCLUSIONS -- APPENDIX 1. MIGRATION FOR REMITTANCE PURPOSE (2001) -- REFERENCES -- POLITICAL EVOLUTION OF MODERN NEPAL -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION: BETWEEN MONARCHY AND DEMOCRACY -- Parties and Politicians: The Failure of the System of 1990 -- The Maoist Insurgency -- Failure of the Parties after 1999 and the Royal Putsch -- For Peace and Inclusion: Jana Andolan II and Its Consequences -- Elections for a Constituent Assembly: Evaluation and Prospects -- Nepal's Future in the 21st Century -- PROSPECTS FOR DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION IN NEPAL -- INTRODUCTION -- I. THE THEORY OF DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION -- II. NEPAL'S TRANSITION SINCE 1990 -- III. FACTORS RELEVANT TO FUTURE DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION IN NEPAL -- Rule of Law and the Democratic Process -- Informal Norms among Elites -- Civic Culture -- CONCLUSION: PROSPECTS FOR DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION IN NEPAL -- REFERENCES -- A SOCIAL ACCOUNTING ANALYSIS OF POVERTY IN NEPAL: HUMAN CAPITAL FOR 21ST CENTURY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- OVERVIEW OF THE NEPALI ECONOMY -- i. Failure to Stabilize the Population Growth -- ii. Low Productivity -- iii. Donors as Suppliers of Development -- iv. Corruption and Lack of Fiscal Discipline -- THE SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX -- A SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX FOR NEPAL -- THE SAM MODEL AND MULTIPLIER ANALYSIS -- HOUSEHOLDS INCOME AND PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES -- Transfer Multipliers -- Open-Loop Multipliers -- Closed-Loop Multipliers -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- QUALITY SCHOOL EDUCATION FOR ALL IN 21ST CENTURY NEPAL -- ABSTRACT.

DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION IN NEPAL -- EDUCATION COMMISSIONS AND PLANS IN NEPAL -- Focus of Educational Plan -- Access to Education -- Quality of Education -- CLASSROOM TEACHING LEARNING PRACTICES -- DISCUSSION ON ENDURING ISSUES - ACCESS AND QUALITY -- Access to Education -- Quality Education -- PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATING INTENTIONS INTO IMPLEMENTATION -- PROSPECT -- REFERENCES -- ENERGY PERSPECTIVES: 2030 -- 1. ENERGY RESOURCE BASE -- 1.1. Fuelwood -- 1.2. Hydropower -- 1.3. Petroleum Products -- 1.4. Other Traditional Fuels -- 1.4.1. Crop Residues -- 1.4.2. Livestock Manure -- 1.5. Resource and Status of Alternative Energy -- 1.5.1. Biogas Technology -- 1.5.2. Small Hydro Turbines -- 1.5.3. Solar Energy -- 1.5.4. Wind Energy -- 2. ENERGY CONSUMPTION PATTERN -- 3. ANALYSIS OF ENERGY USE -- 3.1. Consumption Sector Models -- 4. ENERGY FORECASTING 2030 -- 5. ENERGY BACKCASTING -- 5.1. RESIDENTIAL SECTOR -- 5.2. Industrial Sector -- 5.3. Transport Sector -- 5.4. Service Sector -- 5.5. Agriculture Sector -- 5.6. Energy Requirements 2030 -- 5.7. Other Fuels -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- QUESTIONSFROMNEPAL'SHYDROPOWERSECTOR -- 1Introduction -- 2RiversandPowerInNepal -- 2.1Thepossiblesourcesofdomesticconflictinwatersharinginfuture -- 3LoadShedding -- 4IssuesrelatedtothepowerexporttoIndia -- 5RuralElectrification -- 6Conclusion -- 7References -- ENERGY INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NEPAL -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ENERGY USE IN NEPAL (A LEVEL) -- Methodology -- Untitled -- EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS -- ENERGY IO MODEL AND ASSUMPTIONS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Energy Intensity -- ENERGY DEMAND SCENARIOS -- HOUSEHOLD ENDOGENIZATION -- Meeting Energy Demand -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- IRRIGATION GOVERNANCE AND NEPALI FARMER MANAGED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS -- INTRODUCTION.

IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING IN NEPAL -- IRRIGATION PERFORMANCE -- WHY FARMERS MAY BE MOTIVATED TO PERFORM BETTER IN SELF-ORGANIZED SYSTEMS THAN IN AGENCY MANAGED SYSTEMS -- GOVERNING FARMER MANAGED IRRIGATION SYSTEM -- Irrigation Infrastructure -- Water Sharing Arrangements -- Maintenance and Resource Mobilization -- Organization -- COMPARING FMIS AND AMIS PERFORMANCE -- FARMER MANAGED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN CHITWAN -- Factors that Influence FMIS Performance -- Heterogeneity and FMIS Performance -- RESOURCE SETTING, COOPERATION AND CONFLICT -- Conditions of Relative Water Abundance -- Conditions of Relative Water Scarcity -- Conditions That Enhance Self-Organization -- POLICIES TO IMPROVE IRRIGATION PERFORMANCE -- Emphasize Institution Building -- Recognize Local Institutions -- Engage Local Resource Users -- Secure Legal Standing -- Practice Nuanced Interventions -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- FARMER MANAGED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN NEPAL: PEOPLE-CENTERED GOVERNANCE ALTERNATIVE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- EVOLUTION OF FMIS -- FMIS in Policies and Plan -- CHALLENGES IN THE 21ST CENTURY'S CONTEXT -- Resource Availability -- Communication and Education -- Multiple Functions -- INCOMPATIBILITY IN LAWS AND PLANNING -- RESPONSES TO CHALLENGES -- Ensuring Water Security -- Knowledge Building and Reform -- Community Resource-Base of Water -- Organizational Autonomy -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- WHETHER STRONG SUSTAINABILITY IS OPERATIONAL? AN EXAMPLE FROM NEPAL -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- WEAK SUSTAINABILITY -- STRONG SUSTAINABILITY -- FOREST MANAGEMENT IN NEPAL: EN ROUTE TO STRONG SUSTAINABILITY -- Economics of Forests -- Community Forestry and Strong Sustainability -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- INCREASED URBAN GROWTH RESULTS IN INCREASED VULNERABILITY: HUMAN/HAZARDS INTERACTIONS IN THE UNCONTROLLED KATHMANDU VALLEY URBAN CONURBATION.

ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- THE KATHMANDU VALLEY'S URBANIZATION PROCESS -- RAPIDLY GROWING POPULATION: A CHALLENGE FOR URBAN PLANNING -- Temporal Analysis of Urban Growth -- Lack of Open Spaces and Environmental Deterioration -- Housing Standards and Varying Types -- Plot Sizes -- Problems of Accessibility -- Seismic Vulnerabilities -- PROBLEMS OF DRINKING WATER -- Waste Disposal -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF FEDERALISM IN NEPAL: ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT APPROACH -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- WHY FEDERALISM IN NEPAL -- POLITICS ON FEDERAL STRUCTURE -- ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT FOR CREATING FEDERAL STATES -- Land Resources in Nepal -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS -- INDEX.