Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Figures -- Tables -- CHAPTER 1: An Introduction to Deep Sea Tailing Placement -- Brief History of Deep Sea Tailing Placement -- Brief Overview of Deep Sea Tailing Placement Systems -- Brief Description of the Deep Sea Tailing Placement Technology -- Overview of Biological Concerns -- Comparison Between Deep Sea Tailing Placement and On-Land Impoundment -- Advantages of Deep Sea Tailing Placement Systems -- Disadvantages of Deep Sea Tailing Placement Systems -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 2: Selection of Subsea Tailing Placement -- Exploration and Discovery -- Permitting the Mine -- Preoperational Baseline Data -- Public Hearing -- Monitoring of Environmental Impacts -- Problems and Controversies During Mine Life -- References -- CHAPTER 3: Engineering Challenges and Solutions -- Mining -- Mineral Processing -- Capital and Operating Costs -- References -- CHAPTER 4: The History of the Morphological Change on the Seafloor of Rupert and Holberg Inlets -- Background -- Purpose -- Field Instrumentation and Surveys -- Data Processing and Map Preparation -- Results and Discussion -- Summary and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- CHAPTER 5: Geochemistry: Chemical Stabilities of Tailings Sediment -- Mineralogical Composition of Island Copper Mine Tailings Solids -- Tailings as Marine Sediments -- Bioassays on Tailings -- Seawater Column Chemical Quality -- References -- CHAPTER 6: Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties of Rupert Inlet Waters -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Comparison of Data During Mine Operations -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- CHAPTER 7: Changes in the Biological Properties of the Pelagic Environment of Rupert Inlet Waters During 22 Years of Mine Operations -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Summary.

Acknowledgments -- References -- CHAPTER 8: Seabed Biodiversity at Island Copper Mine: Impact and Recovery -- Introduction -- The Sediment Benthos (Infauna) Surveys -- The Sediment Habitat and Biological Interactions -- The Diversity of Species (Species Richness) -- The Numbers of Each Species (Species Evenness) -- The Biodiversity Expressed in Terms of High-Level Taxonomic Units -- Similarity and Diversity Indices -- Large Infaunal Species -- Sustainability of the Benthic Recovery from Tailings Impact -- Acknowledgments -- References -- CHAPTER 9: Underwater Biodiversity Surveys and Biological Colonization of the Waste Dump Shoreline -- Introduction -- The Underwater Surveys -- Initial Diver Surveys by Mine Environmental Staff and Consultants, 1972-1974 -- Diver Surveys by Federal Government Scientists, 1970-1975 -- Submersible Surveys, 1975-1984 -- Diver Surveys, 1983 and 1999 -- Conclusions Drawn from the Underwater Surveys -- Shoreline Colonization of the Beach Waste Dump -- Acknowledgments -- References -- CHAPTER 10: Fisheries, Tailings Bioassays, Trace Metal Bioaccumulation in Benthos, and Settling Plates -- Introduction -- The Crab Fishery and Yield -- Salmon and the Salmon Hatchery -- Tailings Bioassays -- Tissue Monitoring of Trace Metal Bioaccumulation by Benthos -- Settlement Plates and Suspended Solids -- Acknowledgments -- References -- CHAPTER 11: Postclosure Rehabilitation and Assessment of Inlet System -- Post-Closure Monitoring of the Marine Inlets -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Index -- Color Plates.