Cover -- Title Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- 1 Overview -- Introduction -- Bolivia -- Morocco -- Mozambique -- Peru -- Philippines -- Turkey -- Uganda -- Ghana -- References -- 2 Bolivia -- Introduction -- Trade Policy and Taxation -- Customs Administration -- Objectives and Scope of Customs Reform -- Reform Team, Support, and Financing -- Components of the Reform -- Legislative and Regulatory Framework -- Management Changes -- Personnel and Pay Issues -- Integrity and Anticorruption Policies -- Training -- Information and Communication Technology -- Valuation Issues -- Experience with Free Trade Zones -- Achievements and Deficiencies of the Reform -- Factors Contributing to the Reform's Success -- Outcomes -- Corruption -- Customs Clearance Time -- Customs Controls and Selectivity -- Enforcement -- Collection of Customs Taxes -- Users' Reactions -- Risks for Sustainability -- Lessons Learned -- Notes -- References -- 3 Ghana -- Introduction -- The Singapore TradeNet -- Background in Ghana -- Rollout of the Vision -- The Situation before Reform -- The Efficiency of Customs Transactions -- The Rollout of GCNet -- GCNet's Operations -- A Typical Import Transaction -- Outcomes -- Revenues Are Up -- Clearance Times Are Down -- Community Networks Are Being Initiated -- Some Have Won and Some Have Lost -- Lessons Learned and the Road Ahead -- Appendix 3.A.: Import Procedures Before GCNet -- Notes -- References -- 4 Morocco -- Introduction -- Background to Customs Reform -- Problems and Goals -- Institutional Resources -- Robust, Comprehensive, and Pragmatic Approach -- Diagnosis and Strategy -- Initial Observations -- Resource Management -- Human Resources -- Financial Resources -- Dialogue with the Private Sector -- Tariff Policy -- Organization of Customs Services.

Customs Clearance -- Surveillance -- Audit Function -- The New Working Environment -- Improving Procedures -- Enhancing the Quality and Efficiency of Customs Clearance Operations -- Simplifying Procedures for Imports under Special Import Regimes -- Adapting Information Technology to Customs Clearance Management -- The Contribution of the CSCC System -- The Development of New Computer Systems -- The Customs Computer Network System -- The Management Information System -- The Integrated Resources Management System -- The Application for Managing Imports under Investment Conventions -- Involving Public Sector Partners -- Employing Additional Instruments for Monitoring Reform -- Statutory Law -- Communications Strategy -- Management Indicators -- Programmatic Approach -- Reform Outcomes -- Customs Revenue -- Efficiency of Service -- Anticorruption Strategy -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 5 Mozambique -- Introduction -- Background -- Regional and Preferential Trading Arrangements -- Economic Reform Program -- Customs Reform Objectives and Innovative Approach -- Funding -- Key Institutional Reform Elements -- External Support -- Intertek Testing Services -- Accompanying Trade and Fiscal Reform -- Components of Reform -- New Customs Code -- Change Management -- Staff, Pay, and Training -- Integrity and Corruption Issues -- Information and Communication Technology -- Valuation -- Physical Inspections -- Trade Procedures to Safeguard Revenues and Facilitate Trade -- Importation Process -- Special Import Regimes -- Transit Trade -- Outcomes to Date -- Revenue Performance -- Enforcement -- Customs Clearance Times -- Anticorruption Measures -- Users' Reactions -- Selected Issues that Deserve Immediate Attention -- Debt Management -- Change Management -- Staff and Management Issues -- Infrastructure -- Smuggling -- Lessons Learned -- Notes -- Reference.

Appendix 5.A. SADC and COMESA Country Tariff Structures, Selected Years -- 6 Peru -- Introduction -- Background and Origin of the Customs Reform -- Trade and Tariff Regime in 1990 -- Customs Administration in 1990 -- The 1990 Economic Crisis -- Laying the Foundation for Reform -- Fully Dedicated Reform Manager and Team -- Support from the Highest Authority -- External Support and Financing -- Design, Planning, and Monitoring -- Reform Objectives and Strategies -- Reform Measures -- Legislation -- Organization and Management -- Personnel Recruitment and Development -- Information Technology and Customs Control and Clearance Procedures -- Audits -- Valuation and the Import Verification Program -- Outcome of the Reform -- Overall Effect -- Influence on Revenue -- Conclusions -- Success Factors -- Sustainability Factors -- Risks to Sustainability -- Areas to Monitor -- Appendix 6.A. Management Agreement between the National Customs Service and the Ministry of Economy and Finance -- Appendix 6.B. The Application of Customs Information and Communication Technology and Control and Clearance Procedures -- Integrated System -- Declaration Processing and Customs Clearance Procedures -- Advance Clearance System -- Electronic Payment Through Banks and Control over Collection -- Customs Web Site -- Notes -- 7 Philippines -- Introduction -- Background -- Focus of the Study -- Origins of Customs Reform and Modernization Program -- The Blueprint for Customs Development -- The Shape of Things to Come in the Bureau of Customs -- Cargo Clearance -- Tracing the Seeds of the Reform -- Revenue Base -- Revenue Leakages and Collection Inefficiencies -- Preshipment Inspection Program -- Public Ethics and Accountability Program -- Harmonization of Customs Procedures and Adoption of International Best Practices -- Sponsors of Reform and Modernization -- The Private Sector.

The Government -- The Legislature -- The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund -- The Media -- The Reform Process -- Leadership -- Public-Private Sector Cooperation -- Selective Inspection, Risk Assessment, and Other Regulations -- Funds and Resources -- External Consultants -- Change Management -- Personnel -- Remuneration -- Anticorruption Measures -- Funding for Information and Communication Technology -- Preshipment Inspection -- Assessment of the Reform -- Evaluation -- Local Opinions -- Evaluation by Foreign Experts -- Performance -- Primary Success Factors -- Threats to the Program -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 8 Turkey -- Introduction -- Background -- Tariff Structure -- Relations with the World Customs Organization and Other International Organizations -- Membership in the World Trade Organization and Customs Valuation -- Revenue Importance of Import Taxes -- The Modernization Program -- New Customs Code and Simplified Trade Procedures -- New Customs Legislation -- New Import Procedures -- Simplified Import Procedures for Certified Importers -- Export Procedures -- Reorganization of the TCA -- Improvement of Physical Infrastructure with Private Sector Support -- Human Resource Management -- Automation -- The Computerized Customs Management System -- Other Customs ICT Systems -- Customs Controls, Selectivity, and Postrelease Inspection -- Performance of the TCA -- Clearance Times -- Transparency -- Efficiency -- The 2001-05 Reform Program -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 9 Uganda -- Introduction -- The Uganda Revenue Authority -- Administration -- Budget, Salary, and Staffing Issues -- Customs Reform -- Tariff Policy Changes and Revenue Performance -- Legislation -- Procedures and Clearance Times -- Simplification of Procedures -- Verification and Inspection of Cargo -- Certification of Brokers.

Clearance and Transport of Goods from Kenyan and Tanzanian Ports -- Integrity and Corruption -- Valuation Issues and Experience with Preshipment Inspection -- Certificates of Origin -- Personnel Issues and Training -- Information Technology -- Special Import Regimes -- Goods in Transit -- The Way Forward -- Key Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Index -- Back Cover.