URBAN SUSTAINABILITY ANDGOVERNANCE:NEW CHALLENGES INNORDIC-BALTIC HOUSING POLICIES -- URBAN SUSTAINABILITY AND GOVERNANCE: NEW CHALLENGES IN NORDIC-BALTIC HOUSING POLICIES -- CONTENTS -- LIST OF FIGURES AND FIGURE TEXTS -- LIST OF TABLES -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- LIST OF AUTHORS -- ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE TEXT -- INTRODUCTION: NORTHERN EUROPE -BETWEEN THE EAST AND WEST -- STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK -- REFERENCES -- HOUSING POLICIES, PATH DEPENDENCIES ANDPRESENT CHALLENGES -- 1.1. INTRODUCTION: THE URBAN FUTURE -- 1.2. THE HOUSING CHALLENGES -- 1.3. APPLIED THEORY -- 1.4 PHASES OF HOUSING POLICY EVOLUTIONIN THE NORDIC AND THE BALTIC COUNTRIES -- 1.5. CHALLENGES CAUSED BY GLOBALISATIONAND ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING -- REFERENCES -- HOUSING IN THE SUSTAINABLE CITY -ISSUES FOR AN INTEGRATED APPROACH1 -- 2.1. SUSTAINABILITY - CLARIFYING THE CONCEPTS -- 2.2 HOUSING IN THE SUSTAINABLE CITY -- 2.3.MAIN CHALLENGES IN THE HOUSING SECTOR -AND THE NEED FOR AN INTEGRATED APPROACH -- State of Affairs -- Sustainable Development: What is Good Enough? -- Processes of Change -- 2.4. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- GOVERNANCE AND SOCIAL CAPITAL AS TOOLS FORNEIGHBOURHOOD REGENERATION -- 3.1.WHAT IS GOVERNANCE? -- 3.2.WHAT IS SOCIAL CAPITAL? -- 3.3. ACTIONS FOR SOCIAL CAPITAL IN GOVERNANCE -- 3.4. GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS INNEIGHBOURHOOD REGENERATION -- 3.5. OBSTACLES TO GOVERNANCE -- 3.6. Effective Neighbourhood Governance -- Improving Residents' Ability to Give Voice -- Governance Arrangements for Handling Conflicts among Residents -- Linking Formal and Informal Activities into Governance Arrangements -- 3.7. VALUE-CREATION -- 3.8. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- PLANNING THEORIES AND DEVELOPMENTPRACTICES. PAST DEPENDENCIES CONTRANEW IDEOLOGY: IMPACT OF PLANNING FORSUSTAINABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT -- 4. 1. INTRODUCTION.

4.2. DEVELOPMENT AND REPLACEMENT OF PLANNING PARADIGMS -- 4. 3. REGIONAL PLANNING AND HOUSINGDEVELOPMENT DURING THE STATE SOCIALISM -- 4.3.1. The Heritage of Soviet Planning: Theory -- 4.3.2. The Consequences of the Soviet Planning: Practice -- 4.4 DEVOLUTION AND EVOLUTION OF PLANNING AFTER SOCIALISM -- 4.4.1. Application of New Legislation -- 4.4.2. Past-Dependencies of the Soviet Era and New Planning System -- 4.5. HOUSING DEVELOPMENT ANDIMPACT OF PLANNING - ESTONIAN CASE -- 4.5.1. Data Set and the Classification of Centres -- 4.5.2. Progress of Housing Construction during the Soviet Period -- 4.5.3. Transitional Collapse of Housing Constructionand the Start of Urban Sprawl -- 4.5.4. The Impact of Development Practices on Sustainability of Housing -- 4.6. CONCLUSION -- The Planning Cultures of Soviet and Post-Soviet Pragmatism -- REFERENCES -- THE NORDIC STATES - INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCES -- HOUSING AND SOCIAL COHESION, NATIONALCONSIDERATIONS - SWEDEN -- 5.1. NATIONAL PRESENTATION -- 5.1.1. Background of Housing Patterns and Tenure Structures in Sweden -- 5.2. LOCAL POLICIES TO PROMOTESOCIAL COHESION - STOCKHOLM -- 5.3. SOCIAL COHESION - THE CASE OF TENSTA -- Housing Characteristics -- Population Composition -- Services -- 5.4. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- THE MARKET ORIENTED AND PRIVATIZED HOUSINGCULTURE IN NORWAY -- 6.1. NATIONAL PRESENTATION -- Individualism and Affluence -- The Issue of Social Sustainability -- Settlement Pattern and Evolution of Tenure Structure -- Integration of Immigrants, a New Task in Housing Policies -- Market Dominated Housing Provisions -- Very High Average Housing Standards -- 6.2. HOUSING POLICIES IN BERGEN -- 6.3. THE LØVSTAKKEN CASE -- 6.4 THE FJELL NEIGHBOURHOOD IN DRAMMEN -- REFERENCES -- HOUSING AND SOCIAL COHESION IN DENSELYSETTLED DENMARK -- 7.1. NATIONAL BACKGROUND -- Strong Traditions of Urban Planning.

The Danish Tenure System and Its Background -- 7.2. THE DANISH CASE STUDY -- Identified Problems -- The Labour Market and Immigrants -- 7.3. LACK OF BONDING BETWEEN NEIGHBOURHOOD AND SOCIETY -- New Institutions of Governance -- 7.4 CONCLUSIONMAKE SPACE FOR THE INDIVIDUAL IN THE COLLECTIVE -- REFERENCES -- FOREST SUBURBS IN FINLAND -- 8.1 NATIONAL BACKGROUND -- Recent Urbanisation -- Housing Policy Evolution -- The Physical Structure of Housing -- 8.2. THE PRESENT FINNISH HOUSING POLICY -- 8.3. HOUSING MARKETS -- Social Rental Housing -- Owner-Occupied Housing -- 8.4. HOUSING FINANCE AND PRODUCTION -- Privately Financed Owner-Occupied Housing Production -- Rental Housing Production -- Helsinki Social Housing Policies -- 8.5 THE KONTULA NEIGHBOURHOOD ENHANCEMENT PROJECT -- 8.6 CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- COUNTRIES IN TRANSITION -THE BALTIC COUNTRIES -- REFERENCES -- RESIDENTIAL POLICY CHALLENGES IN ESTONIA -- 9.1. NATIONAL PRESENTATION -- Insights into Origins -- The Social Related -- 9.2 COMBINING INSTITUTIONAL AND INDIVIDUAL EFFORTS -- 9.3 REGENERATION OF MUSTAMÄE -- REFERENCES -- HOUSING AND SOCIAL COHESION IN LATVIA -- 10.1. NATIONAL PRESENTATION -- Housing and Settlement Patterns in Latvia -- Legal Framework of Housing Development in Latvia -- 10.2. POLICIES TO PROMOTE SOCIAL COHESION -- 10.3 SOCIAL COHESION - THE CASE OF MEŽCIEMS -- Housing Characteristics -- Composition of the Population -- Services -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- HOUSING TRENDS IN LITHUANIA -- 11.1 THE NATIONAL CONTEXT -- Housing and Settlement Pattern in Lithuania -- Administration, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Residential Buildings -- Housing Development Funding and Implementation Programs -- Deposit and Loan Market -- Legal System for Home Owners Associations -- Living Standard and Poverty -- Social Exclusion and Poverty during Transition -- REFERENCES.

11.2. UŽUPIS - A CASE OFGENTRIFICATION IN A RUN-DOWN NEIGHBOURHOOD -- REFERENCE -- 11.3 THE ROMANY COMMUNITY IN VILNIUS -- REFERENCES -- THE NORDIC - BALTIC HOUSING POLICIES SEENIN A BROADER INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE -- 12.1 URBAN AND HOUSING POLICIES IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES -- 12.2. URBAN AND HOUSING POLICIES IN THE BALTIC COUNTRIES -- 12.3. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX 1: THE COUNTRIES IN BRIEF -- ESTONIA -- The Estonian Administrative System -- REFERENCE -- LATVIA -- The Latvian Administrative System -- LITHUANIA -- The Lithuanian Administrative System -- NORWAY -- Norwegian Administrative System -- SWEDEN -- Swedish Administration System -- REFERENCES -- DENMARK -- Danish Administrative System -- FINLAND -- Land Area and Population -- Finnish Administrative System -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX 2: INFORMATION AND INTELLIGENTTECHNOLOGIES FOR NEIGHBOURHOODS -- I. ELECTRONIC NEIGHBOURHOOD -- II.WEB-BASED EXPERT AND DECISION SUPPORTSYSTEMS IN NEIGHBOURHOOD ACTIVITIES -- III. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION GIS ANDWEB-BASED COMMUNITY DECISION SUPPORT -- IV. OTHER EXAMPLES OF WEB-BASED NEIGHBOURHOODACTIVITIES: OPEN DIGITAL ADMINISTRATION -- REFERENCES -- GLOSSARY AND INDEX.