Front Cover -- Series Page -- Handbook of Biopolymers and Biodegradable Plastics: Properties, Processing, and Applications -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 - Overview of Plant Polymers: Resources, Demands, and Sustainability -- 1.1 Plant Proteins -- 1.2 Plant Oils -- 1.3 Plant Starches -- 1.4 Agricultural Fibers and Cellulose -- 1.5 Market Potential for Plant Polymers -- 1.6 Sustainable Agriculture Industry of the Future -- 1.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 2 - Overview of Poly(lactic Acid) -- 2.1 Background to Biodegradable Polymers -- 2.2 Market Potential of Biodegradable Polymers and PLA -- 2.3 General Properties and Applications of PLA -- 2.4 Environmental Profile of PLA -- 2.5 Eco-profile of PLA in Mass Production -- 2.6 Environmental Impact of PLA at the Postconsumer Stage -- 2.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 - Applications of Poly(lactic Acid) -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Poly(lactic Acid) for Domestic Applications -- 3.3 Poly(lactic Acid) for Engineering and Agricultural Applications -- 3.4 Poly(lactic Acid) for Biomedical Applications -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 - The State of the Art of Polymers from Renewable Resources -- 4.1 The Context -- 4.2 Vegetable Resources -- 4.3 Animal Resources -- 4.4 Bacterial Polymers -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5 - Polymeric Biomaterials -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Polymeric Biomaterials in Ophthalmology -- 5.3 Polymeric Biomaterials in Orthopedics -- 5.4 Polymeric Biomaterials in Cardiovascular Diseases -- 5.5 Polymeric Biomaterials for Wound Closure -- 5.6 Polymeric Biomaterials in Extracorporeal Artificial Organs -- 5.7 Polymeric Biomaterials for Nerve Regeneration -- 5.8 Conclusions and Future Outlook -- References -- Chapter 6 - Biodegradable Polymers and Polymer Blends -- 6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Naturally Occurring Biodegradable Polymers -- 6.3 Biodegradable Polymers Derived from Renewable Resources -- 6.4 Biodegradable Polymers Derived from Petroleum -- 6.5 Biobased Polymers Derived from Plant Oil -- 6.6 Rosin-Based Epoxy Curing Agents -- 6.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 7 - Starch: Major Sources, Properties and Applications as Thermoplastic Materials -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Main Sources of Starch -- 7.3 Structure of Starch Granules -- 7.4 Disruption of Starch Granules -- 7.5 Applications of Starch as a Raw Material for Plastic Production -- 7.6 Thermoplastic Starch -- 7.7 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 8 - Cellulose-Based Composites and Nanocomposites -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Natural Fibers -- 8.3 Composites -- 8.4 Composite Processing -- 8.5 Composite Properties -- 8.6 Nanocomposites -- 8.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9 - Synthesis, Properties, Environmental and Biomedical Applications of Polylactic Acid -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Synthesis of PLA -- 9.3 PLA Properties -- 9.4 Degradation -- 9.5 Processing -- 9.6 Applications -- References -- Chapter 10 - Compostable Polymer Materials: Definitions, Structures, and Methods of Preparation -- 10.1 Biodegradable Polymers from Renewable Resources -- 10.2 Other Compostable Polymers from Renewable Resources -- 10.3 Biodegradable Polymers from Petrochemical Sources -- References -- Chapter 11 - Biodegradability Testing of Compostable Polymer Materials -- 11.1 Definitions Related to Biodegradation Testing -- 11.2 International Standards Related to Composting -- 11.3 Principles of Main Standards Related to Composting and Biodegradability Testing -- 11.4 Composting at Laboratory Scale -- 11.5 Biodegradability Testing Methods -- 11.6 Biodegradation of Biodegradable Polymers from Renewable Resources.

11.7 Biodegradation of Biodegradable Polymers from Petrochemical Sources -- 11.8 Biodegradation of Blends -- 11.9 Summary of Composting -- References -- Chapter 12 - Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives, Elastomers, and Coatings from Plant Oil -- 12.1 Introduction to Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives -- 12.2 Macroemulsion and Miniemulsion Polymerization -- 12.3 Polymer Characterization -- 12.4 Polymer Properties -- 12.5 Polymer-Solid Adhesion Modification of PSAs -- 12.6 Bio-Based Elastomers -- 12.7 Bio-Based Coatings -- References -- Chapter 13 - Biopolymer Films and Composite Coatings -- 13.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Mechanisms of Film Formation -- 13.3 Obtaining a Well-Matched Coating -- 13.4 Film-Application Stages and Methods for Testing Films -- 13.5 Selecting Biopolymers for Specific Applications -- 13.6 Edible Protective Films -- 13.7 Novel Products -- 13.8 Nonfood Gum Coatings -- 13.9 Next Generation of Edible Films -- References -- Chapter 14 - Biopolymers in Controlled-Release Delivery Systems -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Drug Loading and Release -- 14.3 Modeling Diffusion -- 14.4 Higuchian Model -- 14.5 Swelling -- 14.6 Temperature-Sensitive Hydrogels -- 14.7 Equilibrium Swelling and the Flory-Rehner Theory -- 14.8 Approaches to Cross-Linking -- 14.9 Glutaraldehyde -- 14.10 Genipin -- 14.11 Quinones and Phenols -- 14.12 Polyelectrolyte Cross-Linking and Complexes -- 14.13 Polymer-Drug Interactions -- 14.14 Collagen -- 14.15 Gelatin -- 14.16 Chitin and Chitosan -- 14.17 Celluloses -- 14.18 Alginates -- 14.19 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 15 - Hydrocolloids and Medicinal Chemistry Applications -- 15.1 Drug Delivery -- 15.2 Tissue Engineering -- 15.3 Future Horizons -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 16 - Natural Polymers in Tissue Engineering Applications -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Natural Polymers -- 16.3 Polysaccharides.

16.4 Proteins -- 16.5 Polyhydroxyalkanoates -- 16.6 Future Developments -- 16.7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 17 - Fabrication of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Tissue Engineering Scaffolds -- 17.3 Scaffold Manufacturing Methods -- References -- Index.