Contents -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- Tourism and development -- The organization of this book -- The context of tourism planning -- 2 GLOBALIZATION AND THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT -- Introduction -- Corporate globalization and its effects on society -- Globalization, sustainability and sustainable development -- The new economy -- Tourism as a system -- Reasserting the community s role in the new economy -- 3 TOURISM AS A FUNCTION OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES -- Introduction -- The context for tourism development -- The context of development studies -- Development studies -- Grass- roots implementation in developed and less developed countries -- 4 CONCEPTS OF TOURISM -- Introduction -- Defining tourism -- Social psychological definitions -- Sociological definitions -- Economic definitions -- Community definitions -- Ecological definitions -- 5 PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT THEORIES AND THEIR RELATION TO TOURISM DEVELOPMENT -- Introduction -- The need for theory in tourism development -- The contribution of planning theory to tourism development -- General organizational strategies -- Community organization and leadership -- 6 THE NORMATIVE VIEW OF TOURISM PLANNING -- Introduction -- The planning framework -- Research methods -- Individual and community needs assessment -- Economic, social and environmental -- Economic analysis -- Physical resource inventory -- Regulation and logistical analysis -- Market analysis -- Social and cultural impact analysis -- Environmental analysis -- The concept of carrying capacity -- Geographical information systems -- Tourism planner as social critic -- 7 CASE STUDIES IN TOURISM PLANNING -- Introduction -- Case study: Golden, BC, and Kicking Horse Mountain Resort -- Introduction -- The consultation -- The tourism sector discussion -- Critique of the Golden tourism planning process -- Case study: Kenya.

Kenya and its tourism product -- The problems of Kenya and its tourism industry -- The philosophy and approach of the KWS -- Highlights of the KWS conceptual plan -- Kimana -- Critique of the KWS initiative -- Case study: Bermuda -- Tourism in Bermuda -- Challenges to Bermuda s tourism industry -- Strategic planning -- Critique of the Bermudian plan -- Analysis of the case studies -- 8 THE INTEGRATION OF TOURISM WITHIN GENERAL DEVELOPMENT -- Introduction -- The intricacies of tourism development -- Criteria for tourism development -- Building sustainable community tourism -- Bibliography -- Index -- Africa -- 45 -- 98-9 -- 165 -- marketing image 168-9 -- marketing image 235 -- Sub-Saharan 27 -- agricultural tourism 68 -- agriculture, effects of globalization -- 26 -- 35 -- air travel -- 3 -- 28 -- 115 -- airline industry, deregulation -- 31 -- 213 -- Amboseli National Park, Kenya -- 30 -- 96 -- 102 -- 119 -- 196 -- 205 -- 207 -- anti-globalization movement 58 -- Antigonish movement 92 -- Arai, S.M. -- 60 -- 61 -- 91 -- 133 -- Arnstein, Sherry -- 59-60 -- 124 -- 128 -- 129 -- 133 -- 221 -- Attitude/Behaviour Index 172 -- Australia, Aborigines 201 -- Bantu 77 -- Barber, B.R. -- 2 -- 3 -- Beck, U. -- 28-9 -- 33 -- 53 -- Bello, W. 98-9 -- Belmont Hotel, Bermuda 213 -- Benefits-Sharing Program 201 -- Bermuda -- 209-19 -- attractiveness to tourists 210-12 -- attractiveness to tourists 217 -- attractiveness to tourists 229 -- challenges to tourism industry 213-14 -- population 211 -- public transport system 210 -- tourism planning 214-19 -- tourism planning 221-2 -- tourism planning 228 -- Bermuda Alliance for Tourism [BAT] -- 214-18 -- 221 -- Bermuda Industrial Union 211 -- Bermuda Tourism Strategy 214-16 -- Bertalanffy, Ludwig von 73 -- biodiversity -- 174 -- 200 -- 201-2 -- 208-9 -- Bor, W. van den 43-4 -- British Columbia 34 -- Brown, F.

27 -- 67 -- 70-1 -- 74 -- 75 -- Brown, P.J. 125 -- Bryden, J.M. -- 43-4 -- 108 -- 132-3 -- Bush, George W. 1 -- Butler, R.W. -- 39 -- 56 -- 170 -- 172 -- Calgary airport, Alberta 184 -- Canadian Pacific Hotels and Resorts 50 -- cancer stage of -- 1 -- 5-7 -- 16 -- and employment 53 -- and exploitation 3 -- and exploitation 86 -- early capitalist societies 89 -- effects on communities 26 -- capacity-building -- 62 -- 122 -- 126 -- 127 -- 129 -- 134-6 -- 140-1 -- and empowerment 60-2 -- and empowerment 90 -- and empowerment 91 -- and empowerment 129 -- and empowerment 133 -- and long-term vision 233 -- and market forces 88 -- and market forces 93 -- and market forces 121 -- and market forces 122-3 -- and tourism 67-71 -- and tourism 92-3 -- and tourism 95-6 -- as process 91 -- definitions of 90-1 -- focus on economic issues 93-7 -- holistic planning 66 -- holistic planning 183 -- priorities 151-2 -- capitalism -- 43-4 -- 74 -- Carnival Corporation 50 -- carrying capacity -- 176-9 -- ecological 178 -- economic 179 -- perceptual 178-9 -- physical 177-8 -- Ceballos-Lascurain, H. 117 -- cities, impact of globalization -- 36 -- 37 -- citizen participation -- 59-62 -- 60 -- 124 -- 128-31 -- 130-1 -- 133 -- 133 -- 149 -- 149 -- 205-9 -- 220-2 -- 220-2 -- 231 -- and coordination 166 -- and coordination 235 -- reasons for failure 226-8 -- sustainability 235-6 -- civil commons -- 54 -- 57 -- Clark, R.N. 125 -- Club Mediterranean 50 -- Coady Institute -- 65 -- 91-2 -- Coady, Dr Moses 92 -- Cohen, E. 110 -- commodification of -- 12 -- 24-5 -- 36 -- 81 -- 182 -- and modernization 80-1 -- and modernization 137 -- preservation of 11 -- preservation of 12 -- preservation of 24 -- preservation of 81 -- preservation of 113 -- preservation of 224 -- communicative action -- 60 -- 62-3 -- 65 -- community.

and multiple identities 23 -- assessing needs of 146-7 -- assessing needs of 148-53 -- assessing needs of 167 -- definition of 22-3 -- leadership 138-41 -- leadership 148 -- leadership 166 -- organization 19 -- organization 52 -- organization 138-43 -- organization 148 -- organization 166 -- organization 225 -- organization 232-3 -- resources of 233 -- self-assessment questionnaire 150-1 -- self-assessment questionnaire 190-1 -- competing interest groups 135 -- community development [CD] -- 19 -- 88-101 -- 121 -- 129 -- 133-8 -- community economic development -- environmental costs of 95 -- environmental costs of 101 -- social costs of 95-6 -- social costs of 97 -- social costs of 100-1 -- [CED] 93-101 -- [CED] 127 -- community tourism -- 21 -- 54-5 -- 113-14 -- community-based economic devel-opment [CBED] 96-7 -- Company of Young Canadians, The' 91-2 -- conscientization 62-4 -- Conservation of Bio-diverse -- Resource areas [COBRA] 206 -- Resource areas [COBRA] 209 -- contingent valuation method[CVM] -- 157-8 -- 159 -- coral reefs 12 -- corporate globalization -- 1 -- 3 -- 17 -- 20 -- 21 -- 30-1 -- 38-9 -- 97 -- and colonization 69 -- and disempowerment 31 -- and environmental damage 39 -- and individual freedom 54 -- and institutional relationships 71 -- and state sovereignty 28-9 -- and state sovereignty 33 -- and state sovereignty 37 -- and state sovereignty 71 -- and wealth creation 36 -- effects on society 26 -- effects on society 27-38 -- effects on society 58 -- effects on society 236 -- profit maximization 43 -- role of work 53-4 -- corporate taxation reductions 34 -- Costa Rica 116 -- Cox, R.W. -- 37-8 -- 58-9 -- critical path -- 151-2 -- 153 -- Critical Theory -- 62 -- 63-5 -- cultural genocide -- 137 -- 200 -- cultural heritage -- 113-14 -- and globalization 29 -- and social welfare 89.

and social welfare 90 -- and traditional societies 4-5 -- and traditional societies 113 -- and traditional societies 201 -- economic crisis 35 -- economic crisis 94-5 -- farmers' markets 114-15 -- fishers 65 -- fishers 95 -- Inuit 77 -- Inuit 80 -- negative impacts of tourism 14-15 -- revenues from tourism 49 -- rural depopulation 37 -- underdeveloped areas 68 -- Cummings, H. 114-15 -- democracy, and inequality 1-2 -- Department of Regional Economic Expansion [DREE] 29 -- dependency theory -- 82 -- 85-6 -- development -- and growth poles 78 -- and industrialization 79 -- and industrialization 85 -- and modernization 76-82 -- and opportunity costs 182 -- economic growth 78-9 -- economic growth 85 -- economic growth 120 -- from within 82 -- from within 86 -- social 5 -- social 7 -- social 8 -- social 11 -- social 12 -- sustainability 18 -- sustainability 38-43 -- sustainability 47 -- sustainability 230-1 -- development studies -- 71-88 -- and modernization theory 76-82 -- and structuralist theory 82-8 -- context of 71-5 -- Eurocentric approach 68-9 -- distributive justice -- 2 -- 10 -- domestic tourism -- 3-4 -- 89-90 -- and social welfare 88 -- and social welfare 99 -- loss of labor-intensive industries 36 -- theoretical approaches to devel-opment 88-9 -- underdeveloped societies in 67-9 -- Douglas, D. -- 94 -- 95 -- 96-7 -- Doxey, G. 172 -- Drache, D. 52 -- Dryzeck, J.S. 63-4 -- Duim, R. van der 116 -- ecotourism -- 93 -- 116 -- 117-18 -- empowerment -- 60-2 -- 90 -- 91 -- 129 -- 133 -- mediated 61 -- environment -- assessing state of 146 -- sustainability 39-41 -- sustainability 51 -- sustainability 93 -- sustainability 115-16 -- sustainability 119 -- sustainability 173-6 -- environmental development -- 7-8 -- 11 -- 12 -- Europe, and social welfare 89 -- European Union 33 -- Evans, N. 200.

exploitation.