RETHINKING STRUCTURAL REFORM IN TURKISH AGRICULTURE: BEYOND THE WORLD BANK'S STRATEGY -- RETHINKING STRUCTURAL REFORM IN TURKISH AGRICULTURE: BEYOND THE WORLD BANK'S STRATEGY -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- INTRODUCTION: RETHINKING STRUCTURAL REFORM IN TURKISH AGRICULTURE -- RURAL TRANSFORMATION AND THE ROLE OF THE STATE -- ARIP: NEO-LIBERAL HYPE OR PREMATURE HOPE? -- LABOR TRANSITION IN RURAL AREAS -- ENVIRONMENT: CLIMATE CHANGE, WATER MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY -- INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY: DEVELOPING A KNOWLEDGE-BASED RURAL ECONOMY -- INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND STANDARDS INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND STANDARDS -- LOOKING FORWARD -- REFERENCES -- RURAL TRANSFORMATION TRENDS AND SOCIAL POLICIES IN TURKEY IN THE POST-DEVELOPMENTALIST ERA -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- GLOBALIZATION AND CHANGING LANDSCAPE OF AGRICULTURE IN TURKEY -- THE DEMISE OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENTALISM AND CHANGING POPULATION DYNAMICS -- A BRIEF REVIEW OF PARADIGMATIC SHIFTS IN THE LITERATURE ON RURAL TRANSFORMATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- MODERNIZATION, GLOBALIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT: THE STATE PROBLEM IN TURKEY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- THE STATE IN TURKISH MODERNITY -- THE ARRIVAL AT MODERNITY: 1923-1945 TO THE PRESENT -- THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY: 1945-1980 -- THE EXPOSURE TO GLOBALIZATION: 1980 TO THE PRESENT -- TURKEY'S EUROPEAN TRANSFORMATION: 2000 TO THE PRESENT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- HOW TO DILUTE AN AGRICULTURAL REFORM: DIRECT INCOME SUBSIDY EXPERIENCE IN TURKEY (2001-2008) -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- THE BACKGROUND -- The Goal of the Reform -- Advantages Expected from the Reform -- The Experience of other Countries -- The Pilot Program -- PROMINENT PLAYERS -- The Role of the Treasury -- The World Bank -- The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) -- DESIGN OF THE REFORM -- The Size of the Program -- The Program's Duration -- The Payment Basis.

Beneficiaries -- Targeting the Program -- THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REFORM -- Direct Income Subsidy -- Farmer Transition -- Agricultural Sales Cooperatives and Cooperative Unions (ASCS/ASCUS) Restructuring -- THE REFORM PROCESS -- OPPOSITION TO ARIP -- ASSESSMENT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- AGRICULTURAL POLICY REFORM IN TURKEY: SECTORAL AND MICRO IMPLICATIONS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- OVERVIEW OF THE RECENT MACROECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURAL PERFORMANCE -- RECENT CHANGES IN AGRICULTURAL POLICIES -- INCOME AND EFFICIENCY OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS IN TURKEY -- Model and Data -- Findings of the Efficiency Analysis -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- THE LOGIC OF NEOLIBERAL AGRICULTURAL REFORM INITIATIVES: PERSPECTIVES AND CONSEQUENCES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- FRAMING THE PHILOSOPHY OF NEOLIBERALISM IN AGRICULTURE -- NEOLIBERALISM APPLIED IN AGRICULTURE -- PROBLEMS AND CONSEQUENCES OF NEOLIBERAL REFORM -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION AND THE RURAL LABOR MARKET IN TURKEY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- EVOLUTION OF THE STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURE -- Population Dynamics -- Agricultural Employment, 1940-2000 -- Changes in Farm Size Distribution -- Short-Term Transactions Involving Land and Labor -- Agricultural Transformation and Surplus Labor -- Decline in Agricultural Employment -- Decline in Labor Force Participation -- Changes in the Composition of Non-Participants -- Ageing of the Agricultural Workforce -- Changes in the Prospects of Entry to Non-Agricultural Employment -- Unemployment -- The Rural Labor Market -- Withering Career Prospects in Rural Areas -- Skill Mismatch and Declining Prospects for Absorption in the Urban Labor Market -- Non-Agricultural Employment Prospects in Rural Areas -- Obstacles for Women in Rural Areas -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES.

AGRICULTURE IN TURKEY TOWARDS A NEW CLIMATIC ERA: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- TURKEY'S AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENT -- CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS IN TURKEY -- Observed Trends in Temperatures and Precipitation -- Temperature and Precipitation Projections -- Expected Impacts on Genetic Resources and Yields -- Other Impacts -- ADAPTATION OF AGRICULTURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN TURKEY -- Short-Term Tasks -- Long-Term Strategies -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- WATER IN TURKEY: NEOLIBERAL POLICIES, CHALLENGES AND THE ROAD AHEAD -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Management of Water -- Pricing of Water and Water Markets: Externality, Efficiency and Equity Perspectives -- Institutions of Water Management -- Water Resources and Irrigation in Turkey -- Decentralization of Irrigation Management in Turkey -- Responsibilities of WUAs -- Structure of a WUA -- Budget of WUAs -- Audit of WUAs -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- ―SUSTAINABILITY‖ IN AGRICULTURE: STAKEHOLDERS' PERCEPTIONS IN TURKEY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SUSTAINABILITY IN TURKISH AGRICULTURE -- Policy Challenges and Trade-Offs -- STAKEHOLDER PERCEPTION SURVEY -- Survey Results -- Descriptive Analysis -- General State of Agriculture -- Environmental Challenges -- How Sustainable is Agriculture in Turkey? -- Assessment of Statements Related to Sustainable Agriculture -- Policy Solutions -- Perception Pattern Analysis -- Perception Groups in Turkey -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- ANNEXES -- LEGAL-INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND AGROBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN TURKEY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Genetic Resources and Property Rights -- Debates on Farmers' Rights -- NEOLIBERAL RESTRUCTURING IN THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR AND THE LEGAL-INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR SEEDS IN TURKEY -- Discussion -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES.

RETHINKING AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN TURKEY IN THE CONTEXT OF NEW GROWTH THEORY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN TURKEY AND THE FLAWS OF ARIP -- Agricultural Reform Implementation Project (ARIP) -- NEOCLASSICAL WELFARE ECONOMICS VS. NEW GROWTH THEORY -- Why is Agriculture treated as an Exception? -- Agricultural Policy after the Cold War -- Turkey has to make Choices -- Looking at Best Practices, Looking at New Zealand -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND INNOVATION: PROMOTING NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN TURKISH AGRICULTURE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- PRO-SMALL-FARM TECHNOLOGY -- GROWING KNOWLEDGE GAP -- INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND AGRICULTURE -- Trends in Agricultural and Biotechnological Patents in Turkey -- IPRs in Turkey: Tailoring to Local Needs in Concreto -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR AGROBIOTECHNOLOGY IN TURKEY: THE CHALLENGES TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- THE POLITICAL INTERPRETATION OF THE ―BENEFITS‖ AND THE ―ACCEPTABLE RISKS‖ OF THE ADOPTION OFAGROBIOTECHNOLOGY IN TURKEY -- Lack of Transparency About the Officially Expected ―Benefits‖ of Agrobiotechnology in Turkey -- Insufficient Consideration of Public Perceptions of Risks -- Civil Society Involvement in the Rule-Setting Process -- Obligations Under WTO Agreements Framing the National Legislation -- PROCEDURAL RATIONALITY OF THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS IN THE TURKISH DRAFT LAW ON BIOSAFETY -- Public Participation as an International Legal Obligation -- Obstacles to Effective Public Participation and Consultation -- Problems Concerning the Independence and Transparency of Scientific Expertise -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- RISK ASSESSMENT PROBLEMS WITH BIOTECH PRODUCTS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- RISK ASSESSMENT OF BIOTECH PRODUCTS.

Risk Assessment According to the Cartagena Protocol -- Risk Assessment According to the Cartagena Protocol in Particular -- Risk Assessment According to the SPS Agreement -- Risk Assessments According to the SPS Agreement in Particular -- Risk Assessments of Biotech Products after EC-Biotech Background -- Applicability of the Cartagena Protocol and the Precautionary Principle in WTO Law -- Scope of the SPS Agreement -- Risk Assessments of Biotech Products -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT VIA NEW ICT-TOOLS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ICT-TOOLS IN THE RURAL PARTS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES -- Status Quo of Access to ICT in Developing Countries -- Access to the Internet -- Receiving Devices -- Trends in ICT-Tools in Turkey -- Links between ICT and Poverty Reduction -- ICT-TRANSPORTABLE KNOWLEDGE TO PROMOTE RURAL DEVELOPMENT -- Market Information -- Standards -- Best Practices -- Public Sector and NGO Activities -- EVALUATION OF INTRODUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE INTO RURAL AREAS VIA ICT -- Geographic Location -- Scope of the Project -- Reaching Out to the Users -- Social and Cultural Environment -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- BIOFUELS IN TURKEY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Biofuels and use of Biomass -- Biodiesel -- Bioethanol -- Heating, Cooking and Electricity Production from Biomass -- BIOFUELS AND THE ENVIRONMENT -- Life-Cycle Assessment for Biodiesel and Bioethanol -- Biofuel versus Food -- Biofuel Policies in the EU -- Biofuels in Turkey -- Biodiesel in Turkey -- Bioethanol in Turkey -- Bioheat and Bioelectricity Production in Turkey -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- A PRELIMINARY IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF DOHA ROUND RESULTS ON AGRICULTURAL POLICIES IN TURKEY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- The State of Play in the Doha Round -- Market Access -- Domestic Support.

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