Front Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1 - Introduction to Corrosion -- 1.1 Historical Background -- 1.2 Definitions -- 1.3 Corrosive Environment -- 1.4 Consequences of Corrosion -- 1.5 Cost of Corrosion -- 1.6 Breakdown of Spending on Corrosion -- 1.7 Corrosion Science and Corrosion Engineering -- 1.8 Inter-disciplinary Nature of Corrosion -- 1.9 Corrosion Education -- 1.10 Functional Aspects of Corrosion -- 1.11 Five Good Reasons to Study Corrosion -- Questions -- References -- General References -- Websites -- Software -- Chapter 2 - Basic Concepts in Corrosion -- 2.1 Anodic and Cathodic Reactions -- 2.2 Anodic Reactions Characteristics -- 2.3 Cathodic Reactions Characteristics -- 2.4 Types of Corrosion Cells -- 2.5 Mechanism of Corrosion of Iron -- 2.6 Concept of Free Energy -- 2.7 Reversible Electrode Potential -- 2.8 Concentration Cell -- 2.9 Liquid Junction Potential -- 2.10 Application of Free Energy to Corrosion Cells -- 2.11 Nernst Equation -- 2.12 Sign Convention -- 2.13 Reference Electrodes -- 2.14 Pourbaix Diagrams (Stability Diagrams) -- Questions -- Suggested Books For Reading -- Keywords -- Chapter 3 - Corrosion Kinetics -- Faraday's Laws of Electrolysis and its Application in Determining the Corrosion Rate -- 3.1 The Laws -- 3.2 Corrosion Kinetics -- 3.3 Helmholtz Double Layer -- 3.4 Reverse Reaction (Cathodic Reaction) -- 3.5 Departure from Equilibrium [Activation Over-potential (n)] -- 3.6 Tafel Equation -- 3.7 Mixed Potential Theory and its Application -- 3.8 Evans Diagrams -- 3.9 Prediction of Corrosion Tendency on the Basis of Mixed Potential Theory -- 3.10 Application of Mixed Potential Theory -- 3.11 Concentration Polarization -- 3.12 Effect of Various Factors on Concentration Polarization -- 3.13 Resistance Polarization (Ohmic Polarization).

3.14 Measurement of Corrosion -- 3.15 Determination of Corrosion Rates by Electrochemical Measurements -- 3.16 Polarization Resistance (Linear Polarization) -- 3.17 Theoretical Background (Electrochemical Measurements) -- 3.18 Modern Developments -- 3.19 Kinetics of Passivity -- 3.20 Definition of Important Electrochemical Parameters for Active-Passive Metals -- 3.21 Measured vs Actual Polarization Behavior of Active-Passive Metals -- 3.22 Control of Passivity -- 3.23 Effect of Environment -- 3.24 Conversion Factors -- 3.25 Illustrative Problems -- Questions -- Suggested Reading -- Keywords -- Chapter 4 - Types of Corrosion: Materials and Environments -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Uniform Corrosion -- 4.3 Galvanic Corrosion -- 4.4 Dezincification -- 4.5 Crevice Corrosion -- 4.6 Pitting Corrosion -- 4.7 Intergranular Corrosion -- 4.8 Stress Corrosion Cracking and Hydrogen Damage -- 4.9 Corrosion Fatigue -- 4.10 Fretting Corrosion -- 4.11 Erosion-Corrosion and Cavitation Damage -- Questions -- References -- Keywords -- Chapter 5 - Cathodic Protection -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Basis of Cathodic Protection -- 5.3 Working of Cathodic Protection System -- 5.4 Factors Leading to Corrosion of Underground Metallic Structures -- 5.5 Electrical Basis of Cathodic Protection -- 5.6 Electrochemical Theory of Cathodic Protection -- 5.7 Anodic Polarization -- 5.8 Cathodic Protection Systems -- 5.9 Components of Galvanic Systems -- 5.10 Impressed Current System -- 5.11 Components of Impressed Current Systems and AC/DC Systems -- 5.12 Types of Ground-beds -- 5.13 Major Impressed Current Anodes -- 5.14 Protection of Submarine Pipelines -- 5.15 Design Parameters in Cathodic Protection -- 5.16 Current Requirements -- 5.17 Backfill -- 5.18 Measurements in Cathodic Protection -- 5.19 Pipe-to-Soil Potential -- 5.20 Factors Affecting Pipe-to-Soil Potential.

5.21 Potential Survey -- 5.22 Measurement of Current Flow -- 5.23 Reference Electrode -- 5.24 Coating Resistance Tests -- 5.25 Current Requirement Tests -- 5.26 Current Density Requirement for a Bare Structure -- 5.27 Stray Current Corrosion -- 5.28 Cathodic Protection Interferences -- 5.29 Design Charts -- 5.30 Ground-bed Design -- 5.31 Soil Resistivity and Pipe-to-Soil Potential Survey -- 5.32 Calculations in Cathodic Protection Design -- 5.33 Important Formulae in Cathodic Protection Calculations -- Questions -- Recommended Literature on Cathodic Protection -- Keywords -- Chapter 6 - Corrosion Control by Inhibition -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Scope of Inhibitor -- 6.3 Examples of Application of Inhibitors -- 6.4 Important Consideration in Selection of Inhibitors -- 6.5 Important Terms Related to Inhibitors -- 6.6 Classification of Inhibitors -- 6.7 Description of Inhibitors -- 6.8 Inorganic Anodic Inhibitors -- 6.9 Organic Inhibitors -- 6.10 Synergistic Inhibitors -- 6.11 Scavengers -- 6.12 Neutralizers -- 6.13 Scale Inhibitors -- 6.14 Rebar Inhibitors -- 6.15 Biocides -- 6.16 Inhibitor Application Techniques -- 6.17 Vapor Phase Inhibitors -- 6.18 Inhibitor Efficiency and Inhibitor Concentration -- Questions -- Suggested Reading -- Keywords -- Chapter 7 - Coatings -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Objectives -- 7.3 Classification of Coatings -- 7.4 Scope of Coatings -- 7.5 Painting, Coating and Lining -- 7.6 Paint Coating System -- 7.7 Paint Coating Components -- 7.8 Composition and Functions of Paint Coating Components -- 7.9 Classification of Binders -- 7.10 Pigments -- 7.11 Solvent -- 7.12 Thinners (Diluents) -- 7.13 Additives -- 7.14 Metallic Coatings -- 7.15 Aluminum Coatings -- 7.16 Tin Coatings -- 7.17 Nickel Coatings -- 7.18 Cadmium Coating -- 7.19 Conversion Coatings -- 7.20 Anodized Coatings -- 7.21 Glass Flake Coatings.

7.22 Failure of Paints and Coatings -- 7.23 Selection of Coatings -- Questions -- Suggested Literature for Reading -- Keywords -- Chaper 8 - Corrosion Prevention by Design -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Service Life of Equipment -- 8.3 Causes of Failures in the Context of Design -- 8.4 Corrosive Environment -- 8.5 Stages in the Design Process -- 8.6 Consideration of Areas Requiring Attention at Design Stage -- 8.7 Soldering and Threading -- 8.8 Crevices -- 8.9 Design to Control Corrosion in Water Distribution, Oil and Gas Pipelines -- 8.10 Flowing Water Systems -- 8.11 Accessibility for Maintenance -- 8.12 Designs for Liquid Containers -- 8.13 Design in Packaging -- 8.14 Coating and Design -- 8.15 Storage of Combat Vehicles -- Questions -- Suggested Reading -- Commercial Technical Information Sources: -- Internet Sources -- Keywords -- Chapter 9 - Selection of Materials for Corrosive Environment -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Factors Affecting the Performance of Materials -- 9.3 The Material Selection Process -- 9.4 Materials Classification -- 9.5 Materials and Fluid Corrosivity -- 9.6 Ranking of Performance of Materials -- 9.7 Electrolyte Factors -- 9.8 Corrosion Indices -- 9.9 Iso-Corrosion Charts -- 9.10 Cost Effectiveness -- 9.11 Selection of Materials for Corrosive Environments -- 9.12 Corrosion Characteristics of Carbon and Low Alloy Steels -- 9.13 Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel in Seawater -- 9.14 Cast Irons -- 9.15 Ductile and Cast Iron Pipes -- 9.16 Stainless Steels -- 9.17 Corrosion Behavior of Copper and Copper Alloys -- 9.18 Corrosion Resistance of Copper-base Alloys in Seawater -- 9.19 Aluminum and its Alloys -- 9.20 Nickel and its Alloys -- 9.21 Titanium and its Alloys -- Questions -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Keywords -- Chapter 10 - Atmospheric Corrosion -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Classification of Atmospheric Corrosion.

10.3 Weather and Atmosphere -- 10.4 Major Factors Affecting Atmospheric Corrosion -- 10.5 Effect of Atmospheric Factors on Atmospheric Corrosion -- 10.6 Pollutants Chemistry and their Impact on Atmospheric Corrosion -- 10.7 Mechanism of Atmospheric Corrosion (Electrochemical Cycle) -- 10.8 Potential-pH Diagram (Fe-H2O) -- 10.9 Atmospheric Corrosion of Copper and its Alloys -- 10.10 Cracking of Copper Alloys -- 10.11 Aluminum and its Alloys -- 10.12 Potential-pH Diagram (Al-H2O) -- 10.13 Atmospheric Corrosion of Zinc -- Questions -- References -- Suggested Literature -- Keywords -- Chapter 11 - Boiler Corrosion -- 11.1 Definition -- 11.2 Introduction -- 11.3 Requirements of an Efficient Boiler -- 11.4 Classification of Boilers -- 11.5 Major Design -- 11.6 Circulation -- 11.7 Water Tube Circuit -- 11.8 Water Conditioning -- 11.9 Major Corrosion Problems in Boilers -- Questions -- Suggested Reading -- Keywords -- Chapter 12 - Concrete Corrosion -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Technical Terms -- 12.3 Production, Types and Curing of Cement -- 12.4 Engineering Properties of Concrete -- 12.5 Chemistry of Portland Cement -- 12.6 Concrete Chemistry, Hydration Reactions -- 12.7 Durability and Deterioration of Cement -- 12.8 Corrosion of Reinforcement (Rebar Corrosion) -- 12.9 Factors Affecting Corrosion -- 12.10 Construction Practice -- 12.11 Summary of Principles Involved in Corrosion Reinforcement -- 12.12 Methods of Corrosion Control of Reinforcing Steel -- 12.13 Corrosion Protection of Reinforcement -- 12.14 Concrete Repairs and Rehabilitation -- 12.15 Electrochemical Methods of Evaluation of Reinforcement Corrosion -- Questions -- Suggested Reading -- Keywords -- Index.