Introduction. -- Preface and Acknowledgments. -- cope and Significance of Biological Control. -- Theories and Mechanisms of Natural Population Regulation. -- Principles and Processes: -- Systemics, Taxonomy and Biological Control. -- Molecular Methods in Classical Biological Control. -- Exploration for Natural Enemies. -- Quarantine: Concepts, Facilities and Procedures. -- Culture and Colonization. -- Life-Table Construction and Analysis for Evaluating Biological Control Agents. -- Evaluation of Biological Control with Experimental Methods. -- Evaluation of Results: Economics of Biological Control. -- Evaluation of Results: Economics of Biological Control. -- Periodic Release and Manipulation of Natural Enemies. -- Genetic Improvement and Other Genetic Considerations For Improving the Efficacy and Success Rate of Biological Control. -- Enhanced Biological Control Through Pesticide Safety. -- Environmental Management to Enhane Biological Control in Agroecosystems. -- Agents, Biology, and Methods: -- Biology of Parasitic Hymenoptera. -- Terrestrial Arthropod Predatiors of Insect and Mite Pests. -- Phytophagous Insects Used in Control of Weeds. -- Pathogens as Biological Control Agents for Insects. -- Cross Protection and Systemic Acquired Resistance for Control of Plant Diseases. -- Genetic Mechanisms for Engineering Host Resistance to Plant Viruses. -- Bacillus Thuringiensis in Biological Control. -- Nutrition of Entomophagous Insects and Other Arthropods. -- Factors Affecting Sex Ratio and Quality in the Culturing of Parasitic Hymenoptera: A Genetic and Evolutionary Perspective. -- Evolution of Pesticide Resistance in Natural Enemies. -- Hypovirulence to Control Fungal Pathogenesis. Applications. -- Controlling Soil Borne Pathogens. -- Biological Control in Subtropical and Tropical Crops. -- Biological Control in Deciduous Fruit Crops. -- Biological Control of Forest Insects. -- Enhancement of Biological Control in Annual Agricultural Environments. -- Glasshouse Environments. -- Controlling Foliar Pathogens. -- Biological Control of Insects and Mites on Grapes. -- Biological Control of Weeds in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments. -- Use of Pathogens in Weed Control. -- Biological Control of Insects in Urban Environments. -- Biological Control of Medical and Veterinary Pests. -- Control of Vertebrates. -- Classical Biological Control in Latin America: Past, Present and Future. Research and the Future. -- Social and Economic Factors Affecting Research and Implementation of Biological Control. -- Looking Forward: Biological Control Prospects.