Although the science of water management has experienced significant improvements over the past century, many issues still require the attention of the scientific community. Global change, growing population and increasing pressure on existing water supplies have intensified the need for further improvement of water resources management practice. The purpose of this special issue is to present some of the latest research carried out in the area of water resources management under uncertain and changing conditions. Study in this issue highlight recent consuming in this basin covering all the surface & groundwater of the hydrologic cycle. The large demand for drinking, irrigation and industrial water in the region of K. Menderes Basin. The main objective of the study is to emerge capacity of surface and groundwater. Also, notice that decreasing groundwater level in basin. This river basin agricultural dominant has fertile land and range of harvest diversity in all season. In dry periods, Groundwater level has been facing decreases for past 30 years. Every private farm has private wells that were drilled without permission. These cause depletion of groundwater and restraining the usage of groundwater. Another subject is industrial usage of groundwater and increasing population in area. For this purpose, surface artificial recharge methods in conjunction with underground dam construction were investigated in Egri Creek sub-basin. Thus, their contributions to the groundwater levels were investigated with the help of a numerical model. Keywords: Groundwater; Artificial Recharge; Numerical Modeling; Surface Spreading Methods; Design Optimization; Hydraulic Engineering.