At the turn of the 19th century, Anatolian lands witnessed a grandiose change in policy by questioning longstanding Ottoman monarchy. Amongst several steps paced towards a new regime, a series of reforms initiated a comprehensive transformation in political and socio-cultural contexts of the Empire towards a Republic. In pursuit of succeeding regulations, the lands of the Ottoman Empire transformed into the homeland of the Turkish Republic after a long and challenging period. Inherently, such an extensive conversion did not occur all at once but materialized in a completely new manner of mentality actualized in architectural spaces, collective events and mass media of the state. Amongst these operational tools, the assembly buildings of Turkey take a critical position by iconically and officially representing the new Turkish national identity in the urban context from 1920. Grounding on archival evidence and discourse analysis, this study inquires the crucial position of the assembly buildings as memory spaces while actively participating to the construction of Republican identities. In order to understand how the assembly buildings of Turkey carve a special niche for themselves while keeping and representing the collective memory of the state, a thematic approach is proposed upon their concretizations, commemorations and imagery constructions in time. Thus, the inquiry on the physical existences, collective uses and printed representations of the assembly buildings constitute the backbone of this study to understand active role of these three building as memory spaces and meaning storages of the Turkish Republic. Keywords: Assembly Buildings of Turkey; Republican Period; Collective Memory; National Identity; Memory Spaces