Pragmatic Markers and Pragmaticalization -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- How false friends give true hints about pragmatic markers -- 1. Definition and delineation of the topic -- 2. State of the art -- 3. The relevance of the study of cognates -- 3.1 Descriptive challenges -- 3.2 Relevance to linguistic typology -- 3.3 Relevance to the study of grammaticalization and pragmaticalization -- 4. Summary -- Note -- References -- Semantic change -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Current debates on the evolution of hedging particles -- 2.1 Terminological preliminaries -- 2.2 Traugott and Dasher's (2002) IITSC -- 2.3 Grammaticalisation or pragmaticalisation? -- 2.4 Formal factors and the syntactic nature of the source -- 2.5 The role of persistence -- 2.6 An ecology of competing terms -- 3. The pragmaticalisation of 'effectively' and finalement -- 3.1 Methodology: Corpora of spontaneous spoken French and English -- 3.2 Effectivement and 'effectively' -- 3.2.1 French effectivement -- 3.2.2 English 'effectively' -- 3.3 'Finally' and finalement -- 3.3.1 The 'summing up' sense of finalement -- 3.3.2 The hedging use of finalement -- 4. Towards a cross-linguistic semantic map -- 4.1 Persistence -- 4.2 Degrees of pragmaticalisation -- 4.3 Translation equivalence? -- 5. Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Corpora -- Degrees of pragmaticalization -- 1. Research context and aims -- 2. Methodology and theoretical framework -- 3. Synchronic functions -- 3.1 English 'actually' -- 3.2 French actuellement -- 3.3 Synchronic correspondences -- 4. Diachronic development -- 4.1 Earliest meanings: 13th-16th centuries -- 4.2 Divergence: 17th and 18th centuries -- 4.3 Most recent developments: 19th century-present -- 5. Conclusions and theoretical implications -- Notes -- References -- Corpora -- "You're absolutely right!!".

1. Structure of the article -- 2. Preliminary considerations -- 2.1 The meaning of 'absolutely' and absolutamente -- 2.2 Comments to previous literature on stance adverbials and contrastive analysis -- 2.3 Hypotheses on the contrastive analysis of 'absolutely' and absolutamente -- 2.4 Description of the data -- 3. The syntactic functions of 'absolutely' and absolutamente -- 3.1 Modifiers of words -- 3.2 Clausal constituents: Verbal Group-oriented Adjuncts and clause-oriented Adjuncts -- 3.3 (Parts of) minor clauses -- 4. Results of the quantitative analysis and discussion -- 4.1 Frequencies of 'absolutely' and absolutamente in the BNC and the CREA -- 4.2 'Absolutely' and absolutamente as modifiers of words -- 4.2.1 Modifiers of adjectives -- 4.2.2 Modifiers of adverbs -- 4.2.3 Modifiers of pronouns -- 4.2.4 Modifiers of prepositions -- 4.2.5 Modifiers of determiners -- 4.2.6 Modifiers of modal auxiliaries -- 4.2.7 Modifiers of nouns -- 4.3 'Absolutely' and absolutamente as clausal constituents -- 4.3.1 VG-oriented adverbs -- 4.3.2 Clause-oriented adverbs -- 4.4 'Absolutely'/absolutamente as (parts of) minor clauses -- 5. Maximal degree versus certainty: Similarity between the discourse functions of 'absolutely' and absolutamente and those of adverbs of certainty -- 6. Conclusions and suggestions for further research -- Notes -- References -- The imperative of intentional visual perception as a pragmatic marker -- 1. Introduction -- 2. English and Dutch -- 2.1 Frequency and distribution -- 2.2 Usage3 -- 3. Cross-linguistic comparison -- 4. Grammaticalization -- 5. Summary -- Notes -- References -- Corpora -- É vida, olha…: Imperatives as discourse markers and grammaticalization paths in Romance -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theory and method -- 2.1 A working definition of discourse markers -- 2.2 Literature and corpora.

3. The DM uses of Romance 'look'-forms -- 3.1 Topic issues -- 3.2 Evaluative use -- 3.3 Turn-taking/Interruption -- 3.4 Hesitation phenomenon -- 3.5 Introducing reported speech -- 4. How they come about: The evolution of 'look'-forms in Romance -- 4.1 Synchronic perspective: A grammaticalization process? -- 4.1.1 Phonological attrition -- 4.1.2 Morphology -- 4.1.3 Semantics -- 4.1.4 Paradigm -- 4.1.5 Syntax -- 4.1.6 Other grammaticalization hallmarks -- 4.2 A brief history of imperative DMs -- 4.2.1 History of DMs: The case of Romance -- 5. Discussion: What about French? -- Notes -- References -- Reviews -- Gaétane Dostie, Pragmaticalisation et marqueurs discursifs: analyse sémantique et traitement lexicographique. Bruxelles: De Boeck-Duculot, 2004. 294 pp. -- Notes -- References -- Corpora -- Karin Aijmer and Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen (eds), Pragmatic Markers in Contrast. Oxford/Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006. 257 pp. ISBN 978 0 08 044676 9. [Studies in Pragmatics 2] -- Richard Waltereit, Abtönung. Zur Pragmatik und historischen Semantik von Modalpartikeln und ihren funktionalen Äquivalenten in romanischen Sprachen. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 2006. 203 pp. -- Notes -- References -- Index.