Color Appearance Models -- Copyright -- Contents -- Series Preface -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1 Human Color Vision -- 1.1 Optics of the Eye -- The Cornea -- The Lens -- The Humors -- The Iris -- The Retina -- The Fovea -- The Macula -- The Optic Nerve -- 1.2 The Retina -- Rods and Cones -- Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells -- 1.3 Visual Signal Processing -- Receptive Fields -- Processing in Area V1 -- 1.4 Mechanisms of Color Vision -- Trichromatic Theory -- Hering's Opponent Colors Theory -- Modern Opponent Colors Theory -- Adaptation Mechanisms -- Visual Mechanisms Impacting Color Appearance -- 1.5 Spatial and Temporal Properties of Color Vision -- The Oblique Effect -- CSFs and Eye Movements -- 1.6 Color Vision Deficiencies -- Protanopia, Deuteranopia, and Tritanopia -- Anomalous Trichromacy -- Color Vision Deficiencies and Gender -- Screening Observers Who Make Color Judgments -- 1.7 Key Features for Color Appearance Modeling -- 2 Psychophysics -- 2.1 Psychophysics Defined -- Two Classes of Visual Experiments -- 2.2 Historical Context -- Weber's Work -- Fechner's Work -- Stevens' Work -- 2.3 Hierarchy Of Scales -- Nominal Scales -- Ordinal Scales -- Interval Scales -- Ratio Scales -- Example of the Use of Scales -- 2.4 Threshold Techniques -- Types of Threshold Experiments -- Method of Adjustment -- Method of Limits -- hod of Constant Stimuli -- Yes-No Method -- Forced-Choice Procedures -- Staircase Procedures -- Probit Analysis of Threshold Data -- 2.5 Matching Techniques -- Asymmetric Matching -- Memory Matching -- 2.6 One-Dimensional Scaling -- 2.7 Multidimensional Scaling -- 2.8 Design of Psychophysical Experiments -- 2.9 Importance in Color Appearance Modeling -- 3 Colorimetry -- 3.1 Basic and Advanced Colorimetry -- 3.2 Why is Color? -- 3.3 Light Sources and Illuminants -- Spectroradiometry.

Black-Body Radiators -- CIE Illuminants -- 3.4 Colored Materials -- CIE Illumination and Viewing Geometries -- Diffuse/Normal and Normal/Diffuse -- 45/Normal and Normal/45 -- Fluorescence -- 3.5 The Human Visual Response -- The System of Photometry -- 3.6 Tristimulus Values and Color Matching Functions -- Tristimulus Values for Any Stimulus -- Estimating Average Color Matching Functions -- Two Sets of Color Matching Functions -- 3.7 Chromaticity Diagrams -- 3.8 CIE Color Spaces -- CIELAB -- CIELUV -- 3.9 Color Difference Specification -- 3.10 The Next Step -- 4 Color Appearance Terminology -- 4.1 Importance of Definitions -- 4.2 Color -- 4.3 Hue -- 4.4 Brightness and Lightness -- 4.5 Colorfulness and Chroma -- 4.6 Saturation -- 4.7 Unrelated and Related Colors -- 4.8 Definitions in Equations -- 4.9 Brightness-Colorfulness vs Lightness-Chroma -- 5 Color Order Systems -- 5.1 Overview and Requirements -- 5.2 The Munsell Book of Color -- Munsell Value -- Munsell Hue -- Munsell Chroma -- Munsell Book of Color -- 5.3 The Swedish NCS -- 5.4 The Colorcurve System -- 5.5 Other Color Order Systems -- OSA Uniform Color Scales -- DIN System -- Ostwald System -- 5.6 Uses of Color Order Systems -- Color Order Systems in Visual Experiments -- Color Order Systems in Art and Design -- Color Order Systems in Communication -- Color Order Systems in Education -- Color Order Systems to Evaluate Mathematical Color Appearance Models -- Color Order Systems and Imaging Systems -- Limitations of Color Order Systems -- 5.7 Color Naming Systems -- The PANTONE System -- The Trumatch System -- Other Systems -- 6 Color Appearance Phenomena -- 6.1 What are Color Appearance Phenomena? -- 6.2 Simultaneous Contrast, Crispening, and Spreading -- Simultaneous Contrast -- Crispening -- Spreading -- 6.3 Bezold-Brücke Hue Shift (Hue Changes With Luminance).

6.4 Abney Effect (Hue Changes with Colorimetric Purity) -- 6.5 Helmholtz-Kohlrausch Effect (Brightness Depends on Luminance and Chromaticity) -- 6.6 Hunt Effect (Colorfulness increases with Luminance) -- 6.7 Stevens Effect (Contrast Increases with Luminance) -- 6.8 Helson-Judd Effect (Hue of Non-Selective Samples) -- 6.9 Bartleson-Breneman Equations (Image Contrast changes with Surround) -- 6.10 Discounting-the-Illuminant -- 6.11 Other Context, Structural, and Psychological Effects -- Two-Color Projections -- 6.12 Color Constancy? -- 7 Viewing Conditions -- 7.1 Configuration of the Viewing Field -- Stimulus -- Proximal Field -- Background -- Surround -- 7.2 Colorimetric Specification of the viewing field -- 7.3 Modes of Viewing -- Illuminant -- Illumination -- Surface -- Volume -- Film -- 7.4 Unrelated and Related Colors Revisited -- 8 Chromatic Adaptation -- 8.1 Light, Dark, and Chromatic Adaptation -- Light Adaptation -- Dark Adaptation -- Chromatic Adaptation -- 8.2 Physiology -- Pupil Dilation/Constriction -- Role of the Rods and Cones -- Receptor Gain Control -- Subtractive Mechanisms -- High-Level Adpaptation Mechanisms -- 8.3 Sensory and Cognitive Mechanisms -- Sensory Mechanisms -- Cognitive Mechanisms -- Hard-Copy Vs Soft-Copy Output -- The Time-Course of Adaptation -- 8.4 Corresponding Colors Data -- Asymmetric Matching -- Haploscopic Matching -- Memory Matching -- Magnitude Estimation -- Cross-Media Comparisons -- 8.5 Models -- 8.6 Color Inconstancy Index -- 8.7 Computational Color Constancy -- 9 Chromatic Adaptation Models -- 9.1 Von Kries Model -- 9.2 Retinex Theory -- 9.3 Nayatani et al. Model -- MacAdam's Model -- Nayatani's Model -- 9.4 Guth's Model -- 9.5 Fairchild's 1990 Model -- 9.6 Herding Cats -- 9.7 CAT02 -- 10 Color Appearance Models -- 10.1 Definition of Color Appearance Models -- 10.2 Construction of Color Appearance Models.

10.3 CIELAB -- Calculating CIELAB Coordinates -- Wrong von Kries Transform -- 10.4 Why not use just CIELAB? -- 10.5 What about CIELUV? -- 11 The Nayatani et al. Model -- 11.1 Objectives and Approach -- 11.2 Input Data -- 11.3 Adaptation Model -- 11.4 Opponent Color Dimensions -- 11.5 Brightness -- 11.6 Lightness -- 11.7 Hue -- 11.8 Saturation -- 11.9 Chroma -- 11.10 Colorfulness -- 11.11 Inverse Model -- 11.12 Phenomena Predicted -- 11.13 Why not use just the Nayatani et al. model? -- 12 The Hunt Model -- 12.1 Objectives and Approach -- 12.2 Input Data -- 12.3 Adaptation Model -- 12.4 Opponent Color Dimensions -- 12.5 Hue -- 12.6 Saturation -- 12.7 Brightness -- 12.8 Lightness -- 12.9 Chroma -- 12.10 Colorfulness -- 12.11 Inverse Model -- 12.12 Phenomena Predicted -- 12.13 Why not use just the Hunt Model? -- 13 The RLAB Model -- 13.1 Objectives and Approach -- 13.2 Input Data -- 13.3 Adaptation Model -- 13.4 Opponent Color Dimensions -- 13.5 Lightness -- 13.6 Hue -- 13.7 Chroma -- 13.8 Saturation -- 13.9 Inverse Model -- 13.10 Phenomena Predicted -- 13.11 Why not use just the RLAB Model? -- 14 Other Models -- 14.1 Overview -- 14.2 ATD Model -- Objectives and Approach -- Input Data -- Adaptation Model -- Opponent Color Dimensions -- Perceptual Correlates -- Phenomena Predicted -- Why Not Use Just the ATD Model? -- ATD04 Model -- 14.3 LLAB Model -- Objectives and Approach -- Input Data -- Adaptation Model -- Opponent Color Dimensions -- Perceptual Correlates -- Color Differences -- Phenomena Predicted -- Why Not Use Just the LLAB Model? -- 14.4 IPT Color Space -- Why Not Use Just the IPT Model? -- 15 The CIE Color Appearance Model (1997), CIECAM97s -- 15.1 Historical Development, Objectives, and Approach -- 15.2 Input Data -- 15.3 Adaptation Model -- 15.4 Appearance Correlates -- 15.5 Inverse Model -- 15.6 Phenomena Predicted.

15.7 The ZLAB Color Appearance Model -- Input Data -- Chromatic Adaptation -- Appearance Correlates -- 15.8 Why not use just CIECAM97s? -- 16 CIECAM02 -- 16.1 Objectives and Approach -- 16.2 Input Data -- 16.3 Adaptation Model -- A Note on the CIECAM02 Chromatic Adaptation Transform -- Remainder of CIECAM02 Adaptation Model -- 16.4 Opponent Color Dimensions -- 16.5 Hue -- 16.6 Lightness -- 16.7 Brightness -- 16.8 Chroma -- 16.9 Colorfulness -- 16.10 Saturation -- 16.11 Cartesian Coordinates -- 16.12 Inverse Model -- 16.13 Implementation Guidelines -- 16.14 Phenomena Predicted -- 16.15 Computational Issues -- 16.16 CAM02-UCS -- 16.17 Why not use just CIECAM02? -- 16.18 Outlook -- 17 Testing Color Appearance Models -- 17.1 Overview -- 17.2 Qualitative Tests -- 17.3 Corresponding-Colors Data -- 17.4 Magnitude Estimation Experiments -- 17.5 Direct Model Tests -- 17.6 Colorfulness In Projected Images -- 17.7 Munsell in Color Appearance Spaces -- 17.8 CIE Activities -- TC1-34, Testing Colour-Appearance Models -- TC1-27, Specification of Colour Appearance for Reflective Media and Self-Luminous Display Comparisons -- TC1-33, Color Rendering -- TC1-52, Chromatic Adaptation Transform -- R1-24 Colour Appearance Models -- TC8-01, Colour Appearance Modeling for Colour Management Applications -- TC8-04, Adaptation Under Mixed Illumination Conditions -- TC8-08, Testing of Spatial Colour Appearance Model -- R8-05 Image Appearance -- R8-06, Results of CIECAM02 -- TC8-11, CIECAM02 Mathematics -- TC1-75, a Comprehensive Model of Colour Appearance -- TC1-76, Unique Hue Data -- 17.9 A Pictorial Review of Color Appearance Models -- 18 Traditional Colorimetric Applications -- 18.1 Color Rendering -- Current Techniques and Recommendations -- Application of Color Appearance Models -- Future Directions -- 18.2 Color Differences -- Current Techniques and Recommendations.

Application of Color Appearance Models.