Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Table of cases -- Table of treaties -- Abbreviations -- Part 1 An interdisciplinary perspective -- 1 Law and power -- Some working assumptions -- Power and the study of international law -- Opinio juris, the customary process and the qualifying effects of international law -- 2 Law and international relations -- Regime theory and institutionalism -- The 'English School' -- 3 Power and international law -- Power and the debate about whether resolutions and declarations constitute State practice -- Power and the scope of international human rights -- Power and critical legal scholarship -- Power as a threat to international law? -- Part 2 International law and the application of power -- 4 The principle of jurisdiction -- Jurisdiction and customary international law -- Internal rules -- Boundary rules -- External rules -- Jurisdiction by analogy -- 5 The principle of personality -- Diplomatic protection -- The 'international minimum standard' -- Stateless persons and refugees -- Non-governmental organisations -- 6 The principle of reciprocity -- Reciprocity and the making of claims -- The Truman Proclamation -- The Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act -- An Act to Amend the Coastal Fisheries Protection Act -- Reciprocity and negative responses to claims -- Reciprocity and persistent objection -- 7 The principle of legitimate expectation -- Legitimate expectation, acquiescence and customary international law -- Legitimate expectation and international institutions -- Legitimate expectation and relative resistance to change -- Legitimate expectation and mistaken beliefs in pre-existing rules -- State immunity from jurisdiction -- The breadth of the territorial sea -- Legitimate expectation and judgments of the International Court of Justice.

Legitimate expectation and treaties -- Part 3 The process of customary international law -- 8 Fundamental problems of customary international law -- The chronological paradox -- The character of State practice -- The epistemological circle -- Inferred consent -- 9 International relations and the process of customary international law -- The determination of 'common interests' -- 'Cost' and the identification of legally relevant State practice -- Repetition and relative resistance to change -- Time and repetition -- The conspicuous character of some common interests -- 10 Related issues -- Customary international law and treaties -- The persistent objector -- Jus cogens -- Jus cogens and erga omnes rules -- 11 Conclusions -- Distinguishing the 'New Haven School' -- A response to Koskenniemi -- The interdisciplinary enterprise -- Reconsidering the 'realist' assumptions -- Bibliography -- Index.