Future National Research Policies Within the Industrialized Nations -- Copyright -- FOREWORD -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- PREFACE -- CONTENTS -- PART ONE Symposium Summary -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- DECISIONMAKING -- National Politics and Research -- Strategic Investment -- Problem Application -- PEOPLE -- Numbers -- Graduate Students and Research -- Mobility -- ORANIZATION -- Government Laboratories -- University-Industry Ties -- International Collaboration -- Open Communication -- Rapid Adaptation -- PART TWO Symposium Presentations -- THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY -- FILIPPO PANDOLFI -- R&D Activity in the EC Member States -- R&D Activity of the European Community -- Challenges for the Future -- PAOLO FASELLA -- Human Capital -- Small Firms -- Large Research Projects -- DISCUSSION -- GERMANY -- HUBERT S. MARKL -- R&D Organization in the Federal Republic of Germany -- Trends in Size, Mission, and Character of R&D -- Future R&D Roles and Responsibilities -- German Unification -- HEINZ RIESENHUBER -- Research Policy Goals -- Technological Strategies -- Provision for the Future of Mankind -- Research in Unified Germany -- DISCUSSION -- UNITED KINGDOM -- SIR DAVID PHILLIPS -- Science Base Spending -- Science Budget Spending -- Industry and International Links -- SIR MICHAEL ATIYAH -- DISCUSSION -- Soviet Union -- YURIY A. OSIPYAN -- VLADIMIR V. EZHKOV -- DISCUSSION -- JAPAN -- JIRO KONDO -- MAKOTO KIKUCHI -- The Electronics Revolution -- Next Generation Technology -- Basic Research in Japan -- DISCUSSION -- UNITED STATES -- D. ALLAN BROMLEY -- Basic Research -- Technology Development -- The Organization of Applied R&D -- Conclusion -- FRANK PRESS -- DISCUSSION -- GENERAL DISCUSSION -- APPENDIXES -- SYMPOSIUM AGENDA -- PANELIST BIOGRAPHIES -- SYMPOSIUM PARTICIPANTS.