America's Aging -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Summary -- INTRODUCTION -- PREVIOUS STUDIES -- THE CURRENT FRAMEWORK -- The Demography of Current and Future Aging Cohorts -- The Concept of Vulnerability among the Oldest Old -- Federal Housing Policies -- Public Intervention in Housing Programs for the Aging -- Mobility and Social Integration of the Aging -- The Swedish Perspective on Housing and Social Environments for the Elderly -- New Technology and the Productivity and Independence of the Elderly -- REFERENCES -- Proposals for Policy and Further Research -- AGE AND DISABILITY -- ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES AND THE WELL-BEING OF OLDER PEOPLE -- PERSON AND ENVIRONMENTAL IN LIFE-SPAN PERSPECTIVE -- SELF-DETERMINATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION MAKING -- RESEARCH AND POLICY NEEDS -- Population Issues -- Housing Programs -- Technology -- Productivity and New Environmental Forms -- The Vulnerable Aged -- Transportation -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- The Demography of Current and Future Aging Cohorts -- THE EVOLUTION OF THE OLDER U.S. POPULATION -- Components of Change -- Age Composition of the Elderly Population -- Sex Composition -- Ethnic or Racial Composition -- Regional Distribution of the Elderly -- Urban-Rural Differences -- Marital Composition and Living Arrangements -- THE ''OLD OLD" -- THE NEW AGED -- THE FUTURE OLDER POPULATION -- REFERENCES -- Social and Physical Environments for the Vulnerable Aged -- NOTIONS OF VULNERABILITY -- THE VULNERABLE AGED -- Functional Dependency -- Disability and Other Markers of Vulnerability -- RESPONSES TO DEPENDENCY -- Service Responses -- Environmental Responses to Dependency -- Retirement Communities -- Indirect Environmental Influences -- FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Current and Emerging Issues in Housing Environments for the Elderly.

HOUSING AND HOUSING-RELATED NEEDS -- Dwelling-specific Needs -- Dwelling-use Problems -- Dwelling Modifications -- Overlap Between Dwelling Problems -- Summary -- CURRENT FEDERAL HOUSING POLICIES -- A POLICY FRAMEWORK -- SELECTED INTERVENTIONS -- Congregate Housing -- Dwelling Modifications -- Group Homes -- The Impact of Such Arrangements -- CONCLUSIONS -- APPENDIX -- Definitions -- Dwelling Deficiency -- Excessive Housing Expenditures -- Need for Supportive Services -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- The Role of Transportation in the Social Integration of the Aged -- INTERPRETING TRAVEL BY THE ELDERLY AND DETERMINING NEEDS -- COMMON STEREOTYPES OF THE ELDERLY AND THEIR MOBILITY NEEDS -- MOBILITY PROBLEMS OF THE INNER-CITY ELDERLY -- MOBILITY PROBLEMS OF THE SUBURBAN ELDERLY -- NATIONAL POLICY ON THE MOBILITY NEEDS OF THE ELDERLY -- RESEARCH DIRECTIONS IN HOUSING/ MOBILITY TRADE-OFFS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Cross-National Perspectives on Environments for the Aged -- IS THERE A GLOBAL PATTERN? -- THE SWEDISH EXPERIENCE -- Special Forms of Housing for the Elderly -- The Swedish Institutional Elderly Population -- Institutions for the Chronically Sick -- Psychiatric Institutions -- THE SWEDISH WAY OF CHANGE -- SCRUTINIZING THE GOALS -- Societal Prerequisites -- Aim of Research -- CONCLUSION -- Technology and the New Environment for the Elderly -- IMPLICATIONS OF TECHNOLOGY FORECASTS -- GENERAL ISSUES -- REFERENCES -- Design Problems in Enhancing Productivity and Independence in Housing for the Elderly -- BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN -- An Application Gap between Designers and Researchers -- Research Should Inform Design -- Captain Eldridge Congregate Housing -- PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH RESEARCH TRANSLATION -- Greater Professional Recognition for Research -- Design Journals Ignore Behavioral Impacts of Design -- DESIGN ISSUES AND CONCEPTS.

Physiological Issues -- Better Communication of Research Findings -- Barrier-free Design and Adaptable Housing -- Sensory Aspects of Design -- The Treatment of Light Is a Major Issue -- The Empathic Approach to Age-related Vision and Hearing Changes -- Redundant Cueing Relies on Several Sensory Messages -- Social Interaction and Social Exchange -- The Use of Shared Spaces -- The Branch Provides More Choices and Control -- Way-finding -- Architectural Features Can Assist in Way-finding -- Relocation Trauma Is Related to Way-finding Research -- Neighborhood Concerns -- Housing and Neighborhood Problems Are Often Interrelated -- Importance of Access to Neighborhood Resources -- Principles, Goals, and Objectives for Interventions -- Management and Design -- Managers Often Unaware of Design Intentions -- The Therapeutic Environment -- CASE STUDIES -- The Villa Marin, San Rafael, California -- Congregate Housing, Beverly Hills, California -- Captain Eldridge Congregate House, Hyannis, Massachusetts -- DESIGN COMMUNICATION -- Design Communication through Training -- Professional Seminars -- Journals and Books -- Development and Recognition of Exemplary Projects -- Competition and Design Awards -- Making Future Market Preferences Explicit -- Support for Postoccupancy Evaluation -- Problems with Information Transfer and Experimentation -- Regulatory Requirements -- Budgetary Constraints -- Hesitancy of Manufacturers -- A Lack of General Expertise in Design -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- The Relation of Housing and Living Arrangements to the Productivity of Older People -- PRODUCTIVITY BROADLY CONSIDERED -- THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT -- THE SOCIAL-ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT -- THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Index.