FRONT COVER -- INSECT IMMUNOLOGY -- COPYRIGHT PAGE -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- CHAPTER 1 INSECT AND VERTEBRATE IMMUNITY: KEY SIMILARITIES VERSUS DIFFERENCES -- 1.1 INTRODUCTION -- 1.2 SIMILARITIES -- 1.3 DIFFERENCES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2 INSECT HEMOCYTES AND THEIR ROLE IN IMMUNITY -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION -- 2.2 HEMOCYTE TYPES -- 2.3 HEMATOPOIESIS -- 2.4 HEMOCYTE-MEDIATED DEFENSE RESPONSES -- 2.5 RECEPTORS AND SIGNALING PATHWAYS MEDIATING HEMOCYTE FUNCTION -- 2.6 HEMOCYTE-ASSOCIATED EFFECTOR RESPONSES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3 EICOSANOID ACTIONS IN INSECT IMMUNOLOGY -- 3.1 INTRODUCTION -- 3.2 EICOSANOIDS ACT IN BACTERIAL CLEARANCE AND NODULE FORMATION REACTIONS -- 3.3 THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF EICOSANOIDS IN INSECT IMMUNE TISSUES -- 3.4 EICOSANOIDS ACT IN IN VITRO HEMOCYTE PREPARATIONS -- 3.5 EICOSANOIDS IN HEMOCYTE SPREADING AND MIGRATION -- 3.6 A FRONTIER: EICOSANOIDS IN INSECT-VIRAL INTERACTIONS -- 3.7 ANOTHER FRONTIER: PROSTAGLANDIN MODES OF ACTION -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4 PHENOLOXIDASES IN INSECT IMMUNITY -- 4.1 INTRODUCTION -- 4.2 PROPO SEQUENCES, TISSUE SOURCE, AND LOCATION -- 4.3 PROPO ZYMOGEN ACTIVATION -- 4.4 ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF INSECT HEMOLYMPH PHENOLOXIDASES -- 4.5 REGULATION OF PO ACTIVITY -- 4.6 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5 EVIDENCE FOR SPECIFICITY AND MEMORY IN THE INSECT INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE -- 5.1 INTRODUCTION -- 5.2 BACKGROUND ON INSECT IMMUNITY -- 5.3 ADAPTIVE ASPECTS OF INSECT INNATE IMMUNITY -- 5.4 POTENTIAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING SPECIFICITY -- 5.5 CONCLUDING REMARKS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6 BIDIRECTIONAL CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IN INSECTS -- 6.1 INTRODUCTION -- 6.2 EVIDENCE THAT THE IMMUNE SYSTEM CAN INFLUENCE NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION.

6.3 EVIDENCE FOR NEURAL INFLUENCES ON IMMUNE FUNCTION -- 6.4 WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE CHEMICAL SIGNALS BETWEEN THE IMMUNE AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS? -- 6.5 CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7 BLOODFEEDING AS AN INTERFACE OF MAMMALIAN AND ARTHROPOD IMMUNITY -- 7.1 INTRODUCTION -- 7.2 CYTOKINES AND GROWTH FACTORS -- 7.3 ANTIBODIES AND COMPLEMENT -- 7.4 LEUKOCYTES, REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND NITRIC OXIDE -- 7.5 ENZYMES -- 7.6 HEMOGLOBIN FRAGMENTS -- 7.7 PLASMODIUM-ASSOCIATED MOLECULES -- 7.8 SUMMARY: THE NEED FOR A SYSTEMS BIOLOGY APPROACH -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8 MOSQUITO IMMUNITY TO THE MALARIA PARASITE -- 8.1 INTRODUCTION -- 8.2 THE MOSQUITO IMMUNE RESPONSE: AN INTEGRATED OVERVIEW -- 8.3 PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTORS -- 8.4 SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION CASCADES -- 8.5 IMMUNE SIGNALING PATHWAYS -- 8.6 EFFECTOR GENES -- 8.7 NITRIC OXIDE -- 8.8 MELANOTIC ENCAPSULATION -- 8.9 SPOROZOITE-DIRECTED DEFENSES -- 8.10 TRANSCRIPTIONAL IMMUNE RESPONSES TO PLASMODIUM -- 8.11 BASAL IMMUNITY AND ANTI-PLASMODIUM DEFENSE -- 8.12 GENETIC VARIATION IN MOSQUITO SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MALARIA -- 8.13 CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9 INSECT IMMUNITY TO VIRUSES -- 9.1 INTRODUCTION -- 9.2 GENETIC RESISTANCE TO VIRUSES -- 9.3 PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIERS TO VIRUS INFECTION -- 9.4 CELLULAR IMMUNITY -- 9.5 SUBCELLULAR INHIBITION -- 9.6 HUMORAL IMMUNITY -- 9.7 DEVELOPMENTAL RESISTANCE -- 9.8 DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10 PARASITOID POLYDNAVIRUSES AND INSECT IMMUNITY -- 10.1 INTRODUCTION TO POLYDNAVIRUS BIOLOGY -- 10.2 PDVs AS DOWN-REGULATORS OF HOST IMMUNITY -- 10.3 INSIGHTS FROM PDV GENOME BIOLOGY -- 10.4 PDVs AS REGULATORS OF HOST GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT -- 10.5 THE FUTURE OF POLYDNAVIROLOGY: IMPLEMENTATION IN AGRICULTURE, PEST MANAGEMENT, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES.

CHAPTER 11 INSECT IMMUNE RECOGNITION AND SUPPRESSION -- 11.1 RECOGNITION OF INSECT PARASITOIDS BY INSECT HOSTS -- 11.2 CELL-FREE DEFENSE REACTIONS -- 11.3 CELLULAR DEFENSE REACTIONS -- 11.4 CELLULAR IMMUNE SUPPRESSION -- 11.5 CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 12 RNAi AND THE INSECT IMMUNE SYSTEM -- 12.1 INTRODUCTION -- 12.2 THE PHENOMENON OF RNAi -- 12.3 THE EVOLUTIONARY RATIONALE OF RNAi -- 12.4 DICING AND SLICING: THE CELLULAR MACHINERY OF RNAi -- 12.5 UPTAKE OF dsRNA INTO TARGET CELLS -- 12.6 RNAi BY FEEDING -- 12.7 AMPLIFICATION OF dsRNA -- 12.8 SPREAD OF RNAi WITHIN THE ORGANISM -- 12.9 STAGE AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY OF RNAi -- 12.10 DIFFERENTIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF GENES TO RNAi -- 12.11 TRANSGENERATIONAL RNAi -- 12.12 RNA HAIRPINS AS EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS TO INVESTIGATE THE INSECT IMMUNE SYSTEM -- 12.13 VIRAL RNAi DELIVERY SYSTEMS -- 12.14 RNAi SCREENS -- 12.15 SYSTEMIC RNAi AS AN EXPERIMENTAL TOOL TO INVESTIGATE THE INSECT IMMUNE SYSTEM -- 12.16 NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNE EFFECTS OF dsRNAs -- 12.17 ESSENTIAL CONTROLS -- 12.18 CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 13 EPILOGUE: PATHWAYS INTO THE FUTURE OF INSECT IMMUNOLOGY -- INDEX -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z -- COLOR PLATES.