Introduction / William F. Hyde, Jintao Xu, and Brian Belcher -- Devolution as a means of expanding local forest management in the South : lessons from the last 20 years / Dachang Liu and David Edmunds -- Taxes and fees in the South China collective forest region / Jinlong Liu, Wenfa Xiao, and Natasha Landell-Mills -- Central characteristics of reform : measures of the effects of improved property rights, a stable policy environment, and environmental protection / Runsheng Yin -- Policy reform and investment in forestry / Daowei Zhang -- Forest exploitation and protection during and after reforms : assessing the impact of policy and economic growth / Scott Rozelle, Jikun Huang, and Vince Benziger -- Deforestation and reforestation in Hainan : roles of markets and institutions / Yaoqi Zhang, Jussi Uusivuori, Jari Kuuluvainen, and Shashi Kant -- Forestry, poverty, and rural development : perspectives from the bamboo subsector / Manuel Ruiz Prez, Brian Belcher, Maoyi Fu, and Xiaosheng Yang -- Impacts of policy reforms on forest environments and biodiversity / Jeffrey A. Sayer and Changjin Sun -- Conclusions and policy implications / William F. Hyde, Jintao Xu, Brian Belcher, Runsheng Yin, and Jinlong Liu.