Cover -- Title Page -- Contents -- New Frontiers of Social Policy -- Foreword -- Series Preface: Putting the "Social" Back in Public Policy-New Frontiers of Social Policy -- The Context -- Employment -- Social Integration -- Structural Adjustment Programs -- Why Were WSSD Commitments Left by the Wayside? -- Conceptual Underpinnings of Social Development -- The Search for Equity -- Power Relations and Political Economy -- Social Policy in a Polycentric World -- Social Policy and Social Development -- The Arusha Conference -- Social Policy in the Context of Developing Countries -- Notes -- References -- Arusha Statement -- About the Editors -- About the Authors -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- PART 1 Social Policy: Lessons and New Directions -- CHAPTER 1 Social Policy in a Development Context: Structural Inequalities and Inclusive Institutions -- Introduction -- New Directions in Social Policy -- Lessons from OECD Social Policy -- Structural Inequalities -- Inclusive Institutions -- An Overview of This Volume -- Macrocontext -- Structural Inequalities -- Inclusive Institutions -- Conclusion and the Way Forward -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 2 European Welfare States: Explanations and Lessons for Developing Countries -- Introduction -- Definitions, Measures, Problems of Method -- Social Policies in Europe and the OECD: The "Five Is" -- Industrialization and Other Macrosocial Changes -- Interests: Collective Actors, Power Resources, Democracy, and Parties -- Institutions: States, Constitutions, and Political Systems -- Ideas: Culture, Ideologies, and Epistemic Communities -- International: Suprastate Influences on Policy Making -- Economic openness -- Cross-national policy learning and transfer -- Lessons for Developing Countries -- Industrialization and Postindustrialism: Economic and Social Conditions and Change -- Interests.

Institutions -- Ideas -- International Influences -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 3 The Responsive State: Openness and Inclusion in the Policy Process -- Introduction -- The Point of Departure -- Mapping Values on and Practices of Openness and Inclusion -- The Value of Participation -- Density -- The Map of Inclusion and Participation -- The European Model of Inclusion -- Reducing Poverty and Inequality -- Responsiveness: Some Policy Implications -- Annex -- The Survey -- Database Variables -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 4 Integrating Macroeconomic Policies and Social Objectives: Choosing the Right Policy Mix for Poverty Reduction -- Introduction -- Conceptual Issues -- Weighing Macroeconomic Policy Choices -- Instruments -- Timing -- Stability versus Growth -- Pro-poor Growth -- Examples of Macroeconomic and Structural Policy Choices -- Macroeconomic Policies and Poverty Goals -- Fiscal Policies and Poverty Goals -- Deficit Financing -- Structural Policies and Poverty Goals -- The Policy-Making Process -- Policy-Making Context -- Including the Poor in the Policy-Making Process -- Linking Macroeconomic and Social Policies through the Budget Process -- Challenges Looking Forward -- Opening Up the Policy Dialogue -- Analyzing Impact of Policies -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- PART 2 Structural Inequalities and Policy Experience -- CHAPTER 5 Addressing Exclusion: Social Policy Perspectives from Latin America and the Caribbean -- Introduction -- The Nature of Exclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean -- What Is Social Exclusion? -- Common Features of Excluded Populations -- Invisibility -- Poverty -- Stigma and discrimination -- Cumulative disadvantages -- Promoting Inclusion -- Legal Frameworks and National Policies -- Institutional Arrangements -- Government mechanisms -- Civil society organizations.

Proactive Programs and Policies -- Affirmative action -- Rethinking education -- Inclusive labor markets and employment -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- CHAPTER 6 Recognition and Distribution: Equity and Justice Policies for Disadvantaged Groups in Latin America -- Introduction -- Cultural Denial and Social Exclusion -- Structural Inequality -- Sociocultural Discrimination and Exclusion -- Employment -- Education -- Health -- Gender Inequalities -- Location -- Young People -- Ascriptive and Cultural Factors: Between Social Rights and Proactive Multiculturalism -- Cultural Citizenship and Recognition of the Other -- Toward a Proactive Multiculturalism -- Social Citizenship: A Recognition Issue with Redistribution Implications -- Redistribution Fields with Sociocultural Implications -- Multiculturalism in Education -- Adaptation of Health Services to Sociocultural Realities -- Extension of Work Opportunities and Social Protection -- Territory, Autonomy, and Justice: An Emblematic Case -- Environment and Cultural Heritage -- De Jure and de Facto: The Emblematic Case of Indigenous Peoples -- Policy Implications -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 7 Local Participatory Democracy in Latin America: Lessons from Mexico and Colombia -- Introduction -- The State and the Promotion of Citizen Participation: Efficiency versus Legitimacy -- Vicissitudes of Participatory Decentralization in Indigenous Regions -- The Recognition of Traditional Local Institutions -- Supervised Participation -- New Forums for Deliberation -- Conclusion and Policy Recommendation -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 8 Policy Reform and Culture Change: Contesting Gender, Caste, and Ethnic Exclusion in Nepal -- Introduction -- The Nepal Gender and Social Exclusion Assessment and the DFID Social Inclusion Action Program -- Looking at the Process -- Looking at Institutions.

The Historical and Political Context of Social Exclusion in Nepal -- Policy Influence, Culture Change and the Role of Donors -- Focus on the Mechanisms of Accountability -- Recognize and Support Elite Reformers in Government -- Recognize That Poverty Reduction Will Not Be Achieved without Culture Change -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 9 Citizens, Identity, and Public Policy: Affirmative Action in India -- Introduction -- International Development Debates -- Nation Building and Citizenship: Affirmative Action in India -- Identities Reaffirmed -- Social Policy, Attitudes, and Norms -- Public Policy Responses to Disparities: Orissa Focus -- International Agencies -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- PART 3 Inclusive Institutions -- CHAPTER 10 Taking Culture into Account in the Delivery of Health and Education Services -- Introduction -- Nurturing Cultural Diversity: A Priority for Policy Makers -- Education -- Multicultural Education -- Teaching in the Mother Tongue -- Changes to the Curriculum -- Cultural Differences in the Classroom -- Cultural Diversity in Preschool -- Quality Education -- Health Care -- Health and Culture -- Traditional Medicine -- Collaboration between Traditional and Western Medicine -- Policy Implications -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 11 Accounting for Diversity: Policy Design and Māori Development in New Zealand -- Introduction -- The State of Māori Development -- Economic Recovery and Māori -- Diversity and Disparities -- Policy Approaches to Māori Development -- The Treaty of Waitangi -- Targeting and Tailoring -- Increasing efficiency and responsiveness -- Strengthening accountability -- Facilitating empowerment -- Recognizing culture -- Tailoring Services to Māori -- Education -- Māori immersion education -- Education in mainstream schools -- Health Services -- Māori health providers -- Mainstream services.

Conclusions -- Alternative Māori Services -- Non-Māori Benefits -- Quality -- Diversity and Equity -- Capacity Building -- Investment in Culture -- Political Economy Issues -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 12 Arenas of Child Support: Interfaces of Family, State, and Nongovernmental Organization Provisions of Social Security -- Introduction -- Policy Context of Child Welfare in Uganda -- Family-Based Social Security Networks -- Targeted Interventions and Kinship Networks -- Universal Policies and Gendered Positions -- Children as Citizens of State and Family -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 13 Monitoring Social Policy Outcomes in Jamaica: Democratic Evaluation and Institutional Change -- Introduction -- Policy, Power, and Institutional Change: The Inheritance -- Monitoring Social Policy in Jamaica -- Progress and Lessons Learned to Date -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 14 Public Interest Litigation, Social Rights, and Social Policy -- Introduction -- Litigating to Advance Social Rights -- Factors Affecting Success in Court -- What Determines the Legal Voice of the Poor? -- Responsiveness of the Courts -- Judges' Capability to Give Effect to Social Rights Claims -- Beyond the Courtroom: The Broader Effects of Social Rights Litigation -- Compliance and Implementation of Judgments -- Litigation and Social Policy -- Courts as Constrained Actors -- Direct Effects of Judgments on Policy Makers -- Litigation, Social Mobilization, and Political Discourse -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- CHAPTER 15 Breaking Legal Inequality Traps: New Approaches to Building Justice Systems for the Poor in Developing Countries -- Introduction -- Assessing and Explaining Judicial Reform Initiatives since the 1960s: A Brief Survey -- Toward an Alternative Approach: Three Levels of Understanding -- The Missing Law in Policy -- The Missing Rules in Law.

The Missing Norms in Rules.