THE MIDDLE VOICE -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Dedication -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- 1.1 The problem of the middle voice -- 1.2 Basic approach and assumptions -- 1.3 Data -- 1.4 Organization -- Chapter 2. Middle Voice Systems -- 2.1 A cross-linguistic look at middle morphology -- 2.2 Generalizations I: The distribution of MM forms -- 2.3 Generalizations II: Relation of the MM to the reflexive -- 2.4 Generative accounts of the middle -- 2.5 Conclusion -- Chapter 3. Reflexive and Associated Middle Situation Types -- 3.1 The direct reflexive -- 3.2 Body action middles -- 3.3 Relative participant distinguishability in the body action domain -- 3.4 Implications for event schemas of the reflexive and middle -- 3.5 Indirect situation types -- 3.5.1 The indirect reflexive -- 3.5.2 The indirect middle -- 3.6 Logophoric situation types -- 3.7 Summary -- Chapter 4. Related Semantic Domains -- 4.1 Reciprocal situation types -- 4.1.1 Reciprocal proper -- 4.1.2 Naturally reciprocal events -- 4.1.3 Relative elaboration of events -- 4.1.4 Naturally reciprocal events and the middle -- 4.1.5 Collective and chaining situations and the middle -- 4.2 The cognition middle -- 4.2.1 Simple mental events -- 4.2.1.1 Emotion -- 4.2.1.2 Cognition -- 4.2.2 Complex mental events -- 4.2.3 Summary -- 4.3 Other related situation types -- 4.3.1 Spontaneous events -- 4.3.2 Passive and related situation types -- 4.3.3 Other uses of MMS -- Chapter 5. Diachronic Developments -- 5.1 Latin to Romance -- 5.1.1 Spread of se through lexical middle classes -- 5.1.2 The pronominal system of Romance -- 5.1.3 Surselvan -- 5.1.4 Other developments of sē -- 5.1.5 Summary -- 5.2 Germanic -- 5.3 Nilo-Saharan -- 5.4 Summary -- 5.5 Other possible sources for MMS -- 5.5.1 Passive -- 5.5.2 Intensive -- 5.5.3 'Buy'.

5.5.4 Reciprocal -- Chapter 6. Hypotheses and Predictions -- 6.1 The structure of the reflexive-middle domain -- 6.2 Relative elaboration of events -- 6.3 Transitivity and the middle -- 6.4 Typological and diachronic predictions -- 6.4.1 Predictions: Reflexive source -- 6.4.2 Predictions: MMs from non-reflexive sources -- 6.4.3 Support for unidirectionality of reflexive m iddle -- 6.5 Motivation for marking patterns in the reflexive-middle domain -- 6.6 The nature of the middle -- 6.6.1 The categorial status of the middle -- 6.6.2 Characterization of the middle -- 6.7 Implications of the analysis for the relation between semantics and language change -- Grammaticalization -- Typological change -- 6.8 Conclusion -- 6.8.1 Summary of main results -- 6.8.2 Questions for further exploration -- 6.8.3 Checklist for future empirical work -- 6.9 Final remarks -- Notes -- Appendix A. A Checklist for Middle Semantics -- Appendix B. Data Sources -- Bibliography -- Index of Subjects -- Index of Names -- Index of Languages.