Case, Animacy and Semantic Roles -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Introduction to case, animacy and semantic roles -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Defining the concepts -- 2.1 Case -- 2.2 Animacy -- 2.3 Semantic roles -- 3. Cases and semantic roles -- 4. Animacy and semantic roles -- 5. Case and animacy -- 6. Contents of this volume -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- PART I. Semantic roles and animacy -- Remarks on the coding of goal, recipient and vicinal goal in European Uralic -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The roles -- 3. The data -- 3.1 Preliminaries -- 3.2 The typology -- 3.2.1 Type 1: G1 ≠ G2 ≠ R ≠ VG (case) -- 3.2.2 Type 2: G1 ≠ G2 = R ≠ VG (case) -- 3.2.3 Type 3: G1 ≠ G2 = R ≠ VG (postposition) -- 3.2.4 Type 4: G ≠ R ≠ VG (postposition) -- 3.2.5 Type 5: G = R ≠ VG (postposition) -- 3.2.6 Type 6: G1 ≠ G2 ≠ R = VG (case) -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgments -- Research material -- References -- A case in search of an independent life -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Functions of the Finnish allative case -- 2.1 The allative among the other cases -- 2.2 The allative with animate referents -- 3. Research frame -- 3.1 Related research -- 3.2 Data -- 3.3 Theoretical base: A frame semantic approach to non-elliptic clauses -- 3.4 Methods: Intuitive analysis and paraphrase test -- 3.5 Terminological note -- 4. Interpreting the paraphrase test -- 4.1 The verbless allative-initial construction vs. finite allative-initial constructions -- 4.2 The analytical tools -- 4.2.1 Argument roles -- 4.2.2 Syntactic roles -- 5. The allative in the verbless construction -- 5.1 Actor -- 5.2 Purchaser -- 5.3 Target group -- 5.4 Exploiter -- 5.5 Receiver -- 5.6 Affected -- 5.7 Implicated actor -- 5.8 Encounterer -- 5.9 Summary -- 6. Conclusions -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- References.

Appendix -- The headlines in the paraphrase test -- PART II. Semantic roles and cases vs. adpositions -- The division of labour between synonymous locative cases and adpositions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. On Estonian locative cases and adpositions with special focus on the adessive and the adposition peal 'on' -- 2.1 The Estonian adessive case -- 2.2 The adposition peal 'on' -- 2.3 The parallel use of the Estonian adessive and the adposition peal 'on' -- 3. Experimental design: Predictions -- 3.1 Type of relation between Trajector and Landmark -- 3.2 Type of Landmark -- 3.3 Type of contact between Trajector and Landmark -- 4. Method -- 4.1 Stimuli -- 4.1.1 Production task -- 4.1.2 Forced choice task -- 4.1.3 The factors -- 4.2 Participants -- 4.3 Procedure -- 4.3.1 Production task -- 4.3.2 Forced choice task -- 5. Results and discussion -- 6. Conclusion -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Appendix -- List of sentences and photos used in the linguistic tasks -- Type of relation between Trajector and Landmark -- Is there a future for the Finnish comitative? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Has the comitative become unproductive? -- 3. Is the comitative giving way? -- 4. Does the kanssa construction cover the functions of the comitative? -- 5. No overlap: three main differences in the use of -ine and kanssa -- 6. The functional domains of the comitative and the kanssa construction differ substantially -- 7. Conclusion -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- Corpus -- References -- PART III. Animacy and case -- Animacy and spatial cases -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Two particularities of humans or animates in the conceptualization and expression of spatial relationships -- 2.1 Particularities in the concrete vs. metaphorical uses of some spatial markers.

2.2 Orientation in relation to a person vs. orientation in relation to a person's usual residence -- 2.2.1 Conventionalized ellipsis in the expression of orientation with respect to a person's usual residence -- 2.2.2 Specialized adpositions possibly resulting from the grammaticalization of nouns meaning 'house' -- 2.2.3 Orientation with respect to a person's usual residence as a possible reading of cases or adpositions encoding proximity -- 2.2.4 Orientation with respect to a person's usual residence as a possible reading of spatial cases unspecified for configuration -- 2.3 Conclusion of Section 2 -- 3. The affinity of human nouns with heavy spatial marking -- 3.1 Eastern Armenian -- 3.2 Classical Nahuatl -- 3.3 Conclusion of Section 3 -- 4. Animate nouns and spatial marking in Standard Basque -- 4.1 The expression of spatial relations in Basque -- 4.2 The spatial forms of nouns in Standard Basque -- 4.3 The use of the spatial forms of animate nouns -- 5. Variations in the spatial marking of animate nouns in Basque dialects -- 6. Animate nouns and spatial marking in the history of Basque -- 6.1 General remarks -- 6.2 The use of gan and baita in ancient texts -- 6.2.1 The use of gan in the spatial marking of animate pronouns -- 6.2.2 The use of gan in the spatial marking of animate nouns -- 6.2.3 The use of gan in the spatial marking of inanimate nouns and pronouns -- 6.2.4 The use of baita -- 6.3 Direct affixation of spatial case markers in ancient texts -- 6.3.1 Spatial case markers directly affixed to animate pronouns -- 6.3.2 Spatial case markers directly affixed to animate nouns -- 6.4 The problem of buru -- 6.5 Summary of Section 6: The evolution -- 7. The etymology of the formatives involved in the spatial marking of Basque animate nouns -- 7.1 The etymology of gan -- 7.2 The etymology of baita -- 8. Conclusion -- Abbreviations -- Sources.

References -- There's more than "more animate" -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Organization/Document Construction in Korean -- 3. The locative-marked nominal in the ODC: grammatical properties -- 3.1 Subject properties -- 3.1.1 Plural Copy -- 3.1.2 Controller of PRO -- 3.2 Oblique properties -- 3.3 Summary: the locative-marked nominal in the ODC -- 4. Inferred animacy and the zone of responsibility -- 4.1 Inferred animacy: sentience, intentionality and responsibility -- 4.2 Limited or total zone of responsibility: Locative or nominative case? -- 5. Concluding remarks -- Abbreviations -- References -- PART IV. Diachrony and case -- The coding of spatial relations with human landmarks -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Latin -- 2.1 Location and direction in Latin -- 2.2 From Latin to Romance -- 3. Grammaticalization of the word for 'home' -- 4. Adverb/preposition meaning 'on the side', 'where' -- 4.1 Italian -- 4.2 Spanish -- 5. Extension of comitative -- 5.1 The reflexes of in and ad in Portuguese and Spanish -- 5.2 Direction -- 5.3 Location -- 6. Generalization of the same marker -- 7. Summary and conclusion -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- A survey of the origins of directional case suffixes in European Uralic -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 The genetic classification of the Uralic languages -- 1.2 Proto-Uralic morphosyntax: Cases and postpositions -- 2. The directional cases in European Uralic -- 2.1 The inventory of the directional cases -- 2.2 Terminative and approximative cases -- 2.3 "Tertiary" cases in Permic -- 2.4 "Familial local cases" in Hungarian -- 3. European Uralic directional case suffixes by their origins -- 3.1 Directional cases originating in postpositions -- 3.2 Directional cases descending from the Proto-Uralic case system -- 3.3 Directional cases with etymologically obscure coaffixes -- 3.3.1 Mari and Permic cases with -l.

3.3.2 Finno-Volgaic cases with *-s(-) -- 3.4 Directional cases with deviate origins: Obvious and obscure past of terminative cases -- 4. Discussion and conclusion -- 4.1 Explaining the emergence of case markers: Remarks on the basic tenets of Uralists and others -- 4.2 Semantic functions of directional cases in light of their historical development -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- PART V. Theoretical issues -- Dutch spatial case -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Forms of case -- 3. Dutch R-forms -- 4. Case and position -- 5. Case typing -- 6. Discussion -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Case on the margins -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Case in Polynesian: an overview -- 3. Argument marking in Vaeakau-Taumako -- 3.1 Basic word order and the agentive preposition e -- 3.2 The personal marker a -- 3.3 Types of pragmatic salience: a vs. ko -- 4. Marginal markers: Case, or what? -- 4.1 Diachronic perspectives -- 4.2 Case-like functions of a and e -- 4.3 Pragmatic case? -- 4.4 Argument discrimination revisited -- 5. Conclusion -- Abbreviations -- References -- Why should beneficiaries be subjects (or objects)? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Benefactive constructions -- 3. Beneficiaries and grammatical relations -- 3.1 Afficiaries as adjuncts -- 3.2 Afficiaries as objects -- 3.3 Afficiaries as subjects -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- General index -- Language index.