Fundamentals and Applications of Microfluidics -- Contents v -- Preface xi -- Acknowledgments xiii -- Chapter 1 Introduction 1 -- 1.1 WHAT IS MICROFLUIDICS? 1 -- 1.2 MILESTONES OF MICROFLUIDICS 6 -- 1.3 ORGANIZATION OF THE BOOK 8 -- References 9 -- Chapter 2 Fluid Mechanics Theory 11 -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION 11 -- 2.2 CONTINUUM FLUID MECHANICS AT SMALL SCALES 18 -- 2.3 MOLECULAR APPROACHES 39 -- 2.4 ELECTROKINETICS 44 -- 2.5 CONCLUSION 51 -- Problems 52 -- References 53 -- Chapter 3 Fabrication Techniques for Microfluidics 55 -- 3.1 BASIC MICROTECHNIQUES 55 -- 3.2 FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 62 -- 3.3 SILICON-BASED MICROMACHINING TECHNIQUES 69 -- 3.4 POLYMER-BASED MICROMACHINING TECHNIQUES 81 -- 3.5 OTHER MICROMACHINING TECHNIQUES 100 -- 3.6 ASSEMBLY AND PACKAGING OF MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES 104 -- 3.7 BIOCOMPATIBILITY 108 -- Problems 109 -- References 110 -- Chapter 4 Experimental Flow Characterization 117 -- 4.1 INTRODUCTION 117 -- 4.2 OVERVIEW OF µPIV 122 -- 4.3 µPIV EXAMPLES 144 -- 4.4 EXTENSIONS OF THE µPIV TECHNIQUE 153 -- Problems 172 -- References 172 -- Chapter 5 Microfluidics for External Flow Control 177 -- 5.1 VELOCITY AND TURBULENCE MEASUREMENT 177 -- 5.2 TURBULENCE CONTROL 189 -- 5.3 MICROAIR VEHICLES 193 -- Problems 207 -- References 208 -- Chapter 6 Microfluidics for Internal Flow Control: Microvalves 211 -- 6.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 213 -- 6.2 DESIGN EXAMPLES 239 -- 6.3 SUMMARY 250 -- Problems 251 -- References 251 -- Chapter 7 Microfluidics for Internal Flow Control: Micropumps 255 -- 7.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 256 -- 7.2 DESIGN EXAMPLES 288 -- 7.3 SUMMARY 303 -- Problems 303 -- References 304 -- Chapter 8 Microfluidics for Internal Flow Control: Microflow Sensors 311 -- 8.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 311 -- 8.2 DESIGN EXAMPLES 324 -- 8.3 SUMMARY 335 -- Problems 336 -- References 336.

Chapter 9 Microfluidics for Life Sciences and Chemistry: Microneedles 339 -- 9.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 341 -- 9.2 DESIGN EXAMPLES 348 -- 9.3 SUMMARY 352 -- Problems 353 -- References 353 -- Chapter 10 Microfluidics for Life Sciences and Chemistry: Micromixers 357 -- 10.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 359 -- 10.2 DESIGN EXAMPLES 374 -- 10.3 SUMMARY 386 -- Problems 388 -- References 389 -- Chapter 11 Microfluidics for Life Sciences and Chemistry: Microdispensers 395 -- 11.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 395 -- 11.2 DESIGN EXAMPLES 408 -- 11.3 SUMMARY 414 -- Problems 415 -- References 416 -- Chapter 12 Microfluidics for Life Sciences and Chemistry: Microfilters and Microseparators 419 -- 12.1 MICROFILTERS 419 -- 12.2 MICROSEPARATOR 425 -- 12.3 SUMMARY 438 -- Problems 439 -- References 439 -- Chapter 13 Microfluidics for Life Sciences and Chemistry: Microreactors 443 -- 13.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 444 -- 13.2 DESIGN EXAMPLES 449 -- 13.3 SUMMARY 472 -- Problems 472 -- References 473 -- Appendix A 479 -- Appendix B 483 -- Appendix C 485 -- Appendix D 487 -- About the Authors 489 -- Index 491.