The Academic Research Enterprise within the Industrialized Nations: Comparative Perspectives -- Copyright -- FOREWORD -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- PREFACE -- Contents -- PART ONE: CURRENT CHALLENGES -- Introduction -- Global Trends -- National Responses -- Future Strategies. -- PART TWO: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES -- United States -- THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY AND RESEARCH -- Inventing the American University -- The Interwar Years: Emergence of a Research Economy -- The Postwar Era: Federal Support and Programmatic Research -- The Sputnik Era, 1957-1967 -- The Current Era: 1978-1988 -- Conclusion. -- NOTES -- Bibliography -- Japan -- THE UNIVERSITY, INDUSTRY AND RESEARCH IN JAPAN -- NOTES -- Bibliography -- Soviet Union -- THE RUSSIAN RESEARCH SYSTEM -- Origins of Modern Russian Science -- Big Science Soviet-Style: From Stalin to Brezhnev. -- Prospects Under Perestroika -- NOTES -- Bibliography -- Great Britain -- RESEARCH AND BRITISH UNIVERSITIES -- NOTES -- Bibliography -- Federal Republic of Germany -- TRENDS IN THE TWENTIETH-CENTURY GERMAN RESEARCH ENTERPRISE -- Introduction. -- Research Institutions in an Export Environment -- Research Institutions in an Environment of Autarky -- Research Institutions in a New Export Environment -- Prospects -- NOTES -- Bibliography -- France -- RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND THE INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY IN MODERN FRANCE -- NOTES -- Bibliography. -- APPENDIX -- SYMPOSIUM AGENDA -- SYMPOSIUM PANELISTS -- SYMPOSIUM PARTICIPANTS.