Part I: Formalization in literary and discourse analysis -- Science and human language -- Computer criticism -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Textual processing -- 3.1 Computer criticism: Materialist view of a text -- 3.2 Conventional criticism: Materialist view of a text -- 4.1 Computer criticism: Concepts of structure -- 4.2 Conventional criticism: Concepts of structure -- 5. Computer criticism: Temporal and behavioral extensions -- 6. Computer criticism: Interpretation of form -- Notes -- References -- Machine translation and the artificial intelligence paradigm of language processes -- Preface -- 1. Some background -- 2. Winograd's understanding system -- 3. Some discussion of SHRDLU -- 4. Second generation systems -- 4.1 Charniak -- 4.2 Colby -- 4.3 Simmons -- 4.4 Schank -- 4.5 Wilks -- 5. Some comparisons and contrasts -- 5.1 Level of representation -- 5.2 Centrality -- 5.3 Phenomenological level -- 5.4 Decoupling -- 5.5 Availability of surface structure -- 5.6 Application -- 5.7 Forward inference -- 5.8 The justification of systems -- 6. English -- Notes -- References -- Belief systems and language understanding -- 1. The role of beliefs in natural language understanding -- 2. A theory of personal causation -- 3. Social actions -- 3.1 Aspects of actions -- 3.2 REQUEST -- 4. Pattern of action -- 4.1 Types of patterns in social situations -- 4.2 Social action paradigms -- 4.3 The social action paradigm *REQUEST* -- 5. The use of belief systems knowledge for language understanding -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- Appendix I: Notation conventions -- Appendix II: Social actions -- Part II: Notating the language of music, and the (pause) rhythms of speech -- Encoding -- Notes -- References -- The DARMS Project: implementation of an artificial language for the representation of music -- 1. Introduction: music, mathematics and language.

1.1 Historical precedents -- 1.2 Twentieth-century viewpoints -- 2. History of the DARMS Project -- 2.1 Automated music printing -- 2.2 Musicological applications -- 3. Summary of DARMS grammar and syntax -- 3.1 Some fundamental concepts: tokens and facilities -- 3.2 DARMS musical symbols: codes for note/rest information -- 3.3 Codes for other musical symbols -- 3.4 Special codes -- 3.5 Summary of DARMS abbreviations and defaults -- 4. Psycho-linguistic problems and considerations in the implementation of DARMS -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Pausology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The early period of research (up until 1945) -- 3. The period from 1945 to 1950 -- 4. The period from 1951 to 1960 -- 5. The period from 1961 to 1970 -- 6. The schools -- 7. Recent research (from 1971 to the present) -- 8. Summary and conclusions -- 8.1 Multidetermination -- 8.2 Methodological defects -- 8.3 Ahistoricity -- 8.4 Theory -- 8.5 Some perspectives -- Note -- References.