Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Part I Introduction -- Chapter 1 An Overview of CZTS-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Photovoltaic Effect -- 1.3 In Pursuit of an Optimal Semiconductor for Photovoltaics -- 1.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 2 Market Challenges for CZTS-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Compound Thin-Film Technologies and Manufacturing -- 2.3 Challenges for CZTS Solar Cells in the Market -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- Part II The Physics and Chemistry of Quaternary Chalcogenide Semiconductors -- Chapter 3 Crystallographic Aspects of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) -- 3.1 Introduction: What Defines a Crystal Structure? -- 3.2 The Crystal Structure of CZTS -- 3.3 Point Defects in CZTS and the Role of Stoichiometry -- 3.4 Differentiation between Intergrown Kesterite- and Stannite-Type Phases: A Simulational Approach -- 3.5 Summary -- References -- Chapter 4 Electronic Structure and Optical Properties from First-Principles Modeling -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Computational Background -- 4.3 Crystal Structure -- 4.4 Electronic Structure -- 4.5 Optical Properties -- 4.6 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 5 Kesterites: Equilibria and Secondary Phase Identification -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Chemistry of the Kesterite Reaction -- 5.3 Phase Identification -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 6 Growth of CZTS Single Crystals -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Growth Process -- 6.3 Properties of CZTS Single Crystals -- 6.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 7 Physical Properties: Compiled Experimental Data -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Structural Properties -- 7.3 Thermal Properties -- 7.4 Mechanical and Lattice Dynamic Properties -- 7.5 Electronic Energy-Band Structure -- 7.6 Optical Properties.

7.7 Carrier Transport Properties -- References -- Part III Synthesis of Thin Films and Their Application to Solar Cells -- Chapter 8 Sulfurization of Physical Vapor-Deposited Precursor Layers -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 First CZTS Thin-Film Solar Cells -- 8.3 ZnS as Zn-Source in Precursor -- 8.4 Influence of Absorber Thickness -- 8.5 New Sulfurization System -- 8.6 Influence of Morphology -- 8.7 Co-Sputtering System with Annealing Chamber -- 8.8 Active Composition -- 8.9 CZTS Compound Target -- 8.10 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9 Reactive Sputtering of CZTS -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The Reactive Sputtering Process -- 9.3 Properties of Sputtered Precursors -- 9.4 Annealing of Sputtered Precursors -- 9.5 Device Performance -- 9.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 10 Coevaporation of CZTS Films and Solar Cells -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Basic Principles -- 10.3 Process Variations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 11 Synthesis of CZTSSe Thin Films from Nanocrystal Inks -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Nanocrystal Synthesis -- 11.3 Nanocrystal Characterization -- 11.4 Sintering -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12 CZTS Thin Films Prepared by a Non-Vacuum Process -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Sol-Gel Sulfurization Method -- 12.3 Preparation of CZTS Thin Films by Sol-Gel Sulfurization Method -- 12.4 Chemical Composition Dependence -- 12.5 H2S Concentration Dependence -- 12.6 CZTS Solar Cell Prepared by Non-vacuum Processes -- References -- Chapter 13 Growth of CZTS-Based Monograins and Their Application to Membrane Solar Cells -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Monograin Powder Growths, Basics of the Process -- 13.3 Influence of Chemical Etching on the Surface Composition of Monograins -- 13.4 Thermal Treatment of CZTS-Based Monograins -- 13.5 Optoelectronic Properties of CZTS-Based Monograins and Polycrystals -- 13.6 Conclusion.

References -- Part IV Device Physics of Thin-Film Solar Cells -- Chapter 14 The Role of Grain Boundaries in CZTS-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 CIGSe and CdTe Solar Cells -- 14.3 CZTS-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells -- 14.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15 CZTS-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells Prepared via Coevaporation -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Preparation of CZTS and CZTSe Absorbers -- 15.3 Fundamental Properties of Coevaporated CZTS and CZTSe Absorbers -- 15.4 Device Characteristics of Full-Sulfide CZTS Thin-Film Solar Cells -- 15.5 Device Characteristics of Full-Selenide CZTSe Thin-Film Solar Cells -- 15.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 16 Loss Mechanisms in Kesterite Solar Cells -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Current State-of-the-Art CZTS-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells -- 16.3 Dominant Recombination Path -- 16.4 Band-Gap Variations -- 16.5 Series Resistance and its Relation to Voc Losses -- 16.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 17 Device Characteristics of Hydrazine-Processed CZTSSe -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Device Characteristics -- 17.3 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Subject Index -- Supplemental Images -- EULA.