Currency Features for Visually Impaired People -- Copyright -- Acknowledgments -- Preface -- REFERENCES -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- FEATURES IN USE WORLDWIDE -- NEW BANKNOTE DESIGN -- FEATURE ASSESSMENT CONSIDERATIONS -- COMMITTEE FINDINGS -- Recommended Features Available Now -- Findings and Issues Regarding Recommended Features -- Recommended Features Requiring Some Additional Research and Development -- Research and Development Opportunities -- Implementation Strategies -- REFERENCES -- 1 Introduction -- REFERENCES -- 2 Definition of Needs and Statement of Requirements -- TARGET POPULATION -- CURRENCY IDENTIFICATION NEEDS -- DISCRIMINATION VERSUS ABSOLUTE JUDGMENT -- EXISTING CURRENCY DENOMINATION TECHNIQUES -- USER NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 3 Assessment Methodology for Features for Visually Impaired People -- REQUIREMENTS -- THE IDEAL FEATURE -- EVALUATION STRATEGY -- EVALUATION FRAMEWORK -- REFERENCES -- 4 Description and Assessment of Features -- VISUAL/TACTILE FEATURES -- Size -- Edge Modification -- Holes -- VISUAL-ONLY FEATURES -- Numerals -- Color -- Shapes and Coarse Patterns -- TACTILE-ONLY FEATURES -- MACHINE-READABLE FEATURES -- Passive Devices -- Active Devices -- FEATURE COMBINATIONS -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Visual/Tactile Features -- Visual-Only Features -- Tactile-Only Features -- Machine-Readable Features -- Feature Combinations -- REFERENCES -- 5 Research and Development Needs and Future Directions -- EMPIRICAL/PSYCHOPHYSICAL TECHNICAL NEEDS -- Visual/Tactile Features -- Variable Dimensions -- Holes -- Visual-Only -- Numerals -- Color -- Tactile-Only -- Feature Combinations -- Substrate Materials -- Devices -- Adaptation of Current Devices -- Technologically Advanced Devices -- Smart Money -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 6 Implementation Strategies.

FEATURE IMPLEMENTATION -- Near Term (1 To 3 Years) -- Dimensional Changes -- Holes -- Large, High-Contrast Numerals -- Color -- Denomination Aids -- Intermediate Term (Three to Five Years) -- Tactile-Only -- Devices -- Long Term (More Than Five Years) -- FIELD TESTING -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 7 Recommendations -- RECOMMENDED FEATURES -- RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES -- IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES -- Appendix A: Executive Summary in Large Print -- FEATURES IN USE WORLDWIDE -- NEW BANKNOTE DESIGN -- FEATURE ASSESSMENT CONSIDERATIONS -- COMMITTEE FINDINGS -- Recommended Features Available Now -- Findings and Issues Regarding Recommended Features -- Recommended Features Requiring Some Additional Research and Development -- Research and Development Opportunities -- Implementation Strategies -- REFERENCES -- Appendix B: Synopsis of National Materials Advisory Board Report 472, Counterfeit Deterrent Features... -- SYNOPSIS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Appendix C: Glossary -- Appendix D: Features in Use Worldwide -- BREAKDOWN OF FEATURE TYPES -- DESCRIPTION OF FEATURE TYPES -- Variable-Size Banknotes -- Large Numerals on Banknotes -- Variable-Color Banknotes -- Special Shaped Patterns -- Specific Engraved Visible Marks -- Specific Engraved Invisible Marks -- Watermark Images -- Machine-Identifiable Features -- SUMMARY OF FEATURES ON WORLDWIDE CURRENCIES -- CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix E: Features Not Subject to Full Evaluation -- Appendix F: Description of the New Design Concept -- Appendix G: Biographies of Committee Members.