CONTENTS -- LIST OF FIGURES -- LIST OF TABLES -- LIST OF BOXES -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- Introduction and Summary -- The Contours of World Development -- The History of Macro-Measurement -- The Shape of Things to Come -- PART I: Contours of World Development, 1-2003AD -- 1 The Roman Empire and its Economy -- Introduction -- Key Characteristics Accounting for Roman Success in Empire Building -- Conquest of the Italian Peninsula, 396-191BC -- The Empire Building Process -- The Disintegration of the Empire -- Roman Demography -- Roman Income -- Endnotes -- Bibliography -- 2 The Resurrection of Western Europe and the Transformation of the Americas -- Why and When did the West Get Rich? -- The Driving Forces that Explain the Acceleration in Western Growth since 1820 -- Changes in the Structure of Demand and Employment -- The European Transformation of the Americas, 1500-1820 -- Endnotes -- References -- 3 The Interaction Between Asia and the West, 1500-2003 -- European-Asian Interaction from 1500 to 1820 -- The Impact of Asian Trade on Europe, 1500-1820 -- The Impact of Europe on Asia, 1500-1820 -- Endnotes -- References -- 4 The Impact of Islam and Europe on African Development: 1-2003AD -- Introduction -- The European Impact on North Africa Before the Seventh Century -- The Islamic Conquest and its Implications -- Egypt as an Islamic State -- The Maghreb and the Initiation of Trans-Saharan Trade in Gold and Slaves -- The Changing Character of Moroccan Dynasties and their Interaction with Europe and Black Africa -- Black Africa and the Impact of Islam -- The European Encounter with Africa -- Africa from 1820 to 1960 -- Post-Colonial Africa, 1960 Onwards -- Appendix: The Crusades 1096-1270 -- Endnotes -- References -- PART II: Advances in Macro-Measurement Since 1665.

5 Political Arithmeticians and Historical Demographers: The Pioneers of Macro-Measurement -- William Petty (1623-87) -- John Graunt: The First Demographer (1620-74) -- Gregory King (1648-1712) and Charles Davenant (1656-1714) -- Patrick Colquhoun (1745-1820) -- French Political Arithmetic, 1695-1707 -- Macro-Measurement in the Nineteenth and First Half of the Twentieth Century -- Bibliography -- 6 Modern Macro-Measurement: How Far Have We Come? -- Development of Macro-Measurement as a Tool of Economic Policy since 1950 -- Quantifying and Interpreting World Economic Growth from 1820 Onwards -- Economic Performance in the Merchant Capitalist Epoch: 1500-1820 -- The Roots of Modernity: 'Takeoff' or Long Apprenticeship -- Appendices -- Endnotes -- Bibliography -- PART III: The Shape of Things to Come -- 7 The World Economy in 2030 -- Projections of Population and Changes in Demographic Characteristics -- Assumptions Underlying the Projections of Per Capita GDP -- The Relationship Between Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, Carbon Emissions, and Global Warming -- The Impact of Climate Change -- The Kyoto Protocol -- The Report of the House of Lords on Climate Change -- The Stern Review of the Economics of Climate Change -- Conclusions on Global Warming -- Appendix -- Endnotes -- Bibliography -- Appendices -- Statistical Appendix A -- Statistical Appendix B: Ingredients of Growth Accounts in Japan, UK, and USA, 1820-2003 -- INDEX -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z.