Front Cover -- Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases: Microbiological Aspects and Risks -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Dedication -- Contributors -- Part One - INTRODUCTION -- Chapter One - Pathogens in Water and Biofilms -- INTRODUCTION -- BIOFILM FORMATION AND PATHOGEN ADHESION TO BIOFILMS -- FACTORS INFLUENCING BIOFILM FORMATION -- GROWTH IN BIOFILMS -- HOW PATHOGENS ENTER WATER AND HOW MUCH BIOFILM THEY SEE -- PREVALENCE OF PATHOGENS IN WATER BIOFILMS -- DETACHMENT: BIOFILMS AS SOURCES OF PATHOGENS -- ADVANTAGES OF LIVING IN A 'CITY' -- SURVIVAL -- ECOLOGY -- RISK AND INFECTIVITY OF BIOFILM-ASSOCIATED PATHOGENS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Part Two - BACTERIOLOGY -- Chapter Two - Acinetobacter -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Three - Aeromonas -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Four - Campylobacter -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Five - Cyanobacteria -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- PATHOGENICITY AND VIRULENCE -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Six - Escherichia coli -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY.

CLINICAL FEATURES -- VIRULENCE AND PATHOGENICITY -- EAEC -- DAEC -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Seven - Helicobacter pylori -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Eight - Legionella -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Nine - Mycobacterium -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- DETECTION METHODS -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN BIOFILMS -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Ten - Salmonella -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Eleven - Shigella -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Twelve - Vibrio -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- METABOLISM AND PHYSIOLOGY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- EVIDENCE FOR GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Thirteen - Yersinia -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- CLINICAL CONDITIONS -- GROWTH IN ENVIRONMENT.

GROWTH IN A BIOFILM -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- ANTIMICROBIAL CONTROL -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Part Three - PROTOZOA -- Chapter Fourteen - Acanthamoeba -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- HISTORY -- LIFE CYCLE AND TAXONOMY -- CLINICAL FEATURES, PATHOGENICITY, VIRULENCE AND CAUSATION -- TREATMENT -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- SURVIVAL IN WATER AND THE ENVIRONMENT -- CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY -- RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT -- FUTURE IMPLICATIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Fifteen - Balantidium coli -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY AND LIFE CYCLE -- CLINICAL FEATURES, PATHOGENICITY, VIRULENCE, CAUSATION AND TREATMENT -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- SURVIVAL IN WATER AND THE ENVIRONMENT -- CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY -- RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT -- FUTURE IMPLICATIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Sixteen - Cryptosporidium -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF DRINKING WATER REGULATION -- LIFE CYCLE, TAXONOMY AND PATHOGENICITY -- CLINICAL FEATURES, TREATMENT AND DIAGNOSIS -- METHODS OF DETECTION IN WATER AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES -- OCCURRENCE AND SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- PREVALENCE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF WATERBORNE CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS -- RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT -- FUTURE IMPLICATIONS (WATERBORNE INCIDENCES) -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Seventeen - Cyclospora cayetanensis -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY AND LIFE CYCLE -- CLINICAL FEATURES, PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT -- METHODS OF DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS -- OCCURRENCE AND SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- PREVALENCE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF WATERBORNE CYCLOSPORIASIS -- RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT -- FUTURE IMPLICATIONS (WATERBORNE INCIDENCES) -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Eighteen - Entamoeba histolytica -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY AND LIFE CYCLE -- CLINICAL FEATURES, PATHOGENICITY, VIRULENCE, CAUSATION AND TREATMENT.

METHODS OF DETECTION -- SURVIVAL AND DETECTION IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND IN WATER -- CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY -- RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT -- FUTURE IMPLICATIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Nineteen - Giardia duodenalis -- INTRODUCTION -- PREVALENCE OF INFECTION AND OF DISEASE -- CLINICAL GIARDIASIS, INCLUDING DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT -- TRANSMISSION ROUTES -- WATERBORNE AND FOODBORNE OUTBREAKS OF GIARDIASIS -- OCCURRENCE AND DETECTION OF GIARDIA CYSTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES -- GIARDIA CYST SURVIVAL: APPROACHES TO REMOVAL AND INACTIVATION -- OVERALL RISK ASSESSMENT -- FUTURE CHALLENGES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Twenty - Naegleria -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- HISTORY AND LIFE CYCLE -- CLINICAL FEATURES, PATHOGENICITY, VIRULENCE, CAUSATION AND TREATMENT -- METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND DETECTION -- SURVIVAL IN WATER AND THE ENVIRONMENT -- CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY -- RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Twenty-One - Toxoplasma gondii -- INTRODUCTION -- LIFE CYCLE -- NATURAL HISTORY -- SURVIVAL IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- TREATMENT -- METHODS OF DETECTION -- GENETIC VARIATION -- CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF T. GONDII -- RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- Part Four - VIRUSES -- Chapter Twenty-Two - Methods for the Detection of Waterborne Viruses -- INTRODUCTION -- CONCENTRATION METHODS -- DETECTION AND ENUMERATION OF WATERBORNE VIRUSES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Twenty-Three - Adenovirus -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- ORIGIN OF THE ORGANISM -- CLINICAL FEATURES AND VIRULENCE -- PATHOGENICITY -- TRANSMISSION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY -- TREATMENT -- DISTRIBUTION IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- WATERBORNE OUTBREAKS -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Twenty-Four - Astroviruses -- INTRODUCTION -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- ORIGIN OF THE ORGANISM -- PATHOGENESIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES.

TRANSMISSION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY -- DISTRIBUTION IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Twenty-Five - Enterovirus -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- WATERBORNE OUTBREAKS -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- FURTHER READING -- Chapter Twenty-Six - Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY OF THE ORGANISM -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- EPIDEMIOLOGY OF WATERBORNE OUTBREAKS -- REMOVAL BY TREATMENT -- RISK ASSESSMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Twenty-Seven - Norovirus -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY OF THE ORGANISM -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- EPIDEMIOLOGY OF WATERBORNE OUTBREAKS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Twenty-Eight - Rotavirus -- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY -- NATURAL HISTORY -- CLINICAL FEATURES -- EPIDEMIOLOGY OF WATERBORNE OUTBREAKS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Twenty-Nine - Emerging Viruses -- SAPOVIRUSES -- AICHIVIRUSES -- POLYOMAVIRUSES -- TORQUE TENO VIRUS -- REFERENCES -- Part Five - CONTROL -- Chapter Thirty - Pathogen Control in Drinking Water -- INTRODUCTION -- PATHOGEN CONTROL -- HISTORY OF DISINFECTION -- METHODS OF DISINFECTION -- KINETICS OF DISINFECTION -- POINT-OF-USE AND POINT-OF-ENTRY TREATMENT -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Thirty-One - Free and Combined Chlorine -- INTRODUCTION -- CHEMISTRY OF CHLORINATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Thirty-Two - Chlorine Dioxide -- INTRODUCTION -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Thirty-Three - Ozone Disinfection -- INTRODUCTION -- CHEMISTRY OF OZONATION -- PROCESS TECHNOLOGY -- DISINFECTION -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Thirty-Four - Ultraviolet Disinfection -- INTRODUCTION -- HISTORY -- METHOD OF DISINFECTION -- UV LAMPS AND EQUIPMENT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Thirty-Five - Filtration Methods -- INTRODUCTION TO FILTRATION -- GRANULAR FILTRATION -- MEMBRANE FILTRATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES.

Part Six - GLOBAL WARMING.