Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Dedication -- Preface -- Overview -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on Contributors to Volume Two -- Section Six -- Chapter Forty-nine - THE AFRICAN GENIUS -- Ladies and Gentlemen -- Chapter Fifty - AFRICA'S TARNISHED NAME: CONRADIAN RACISM IN CONTEMPORARY ARTISTIC MEDIA -- APPENDIX AN IMAGE OF AFRICA: RACISM IN CONRAD'S HEART OF DARKNESS -- Chapter Fifty-one - AFRICAN LITERATURE AND THE CRISIS IN POST-STRUCTURALIST THEORISING -- Interrogating the interrogators -- How 'post- colonial' is post- colonial discourse? -- Undeconstructed silences -- Text worship (or the deconstructed passport of Travelling Theory) -- Chapter Fifty-two - POWER OF THEIR WORD: AN INTRODUCTION TO SELECTED PAPERS OF THE FIRST NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ORAL LITERATURE IN GHANA -- Chapter Fifty-three - WHAT IS 'AFRICAN STUDIES'? AFRICAN SCHOLARS, AFRICANIST SCHOLARS, AND THE PRODUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE -- Introduction -- Studies about Africans but not for Africans -- 'African' as different -- Intercontinental rifts -- Chapter Fifty-four - THE AFRICAN VOICE IN AFRICAN STUDIES TODAY -- Chapter Fifty-five - AFRICA IN AMERICAN SOCIOLOGY: INVISIBILITY, OPPORTUNITY, AND OBLIGATION -- Chapter Fifty-six - RACIAL METAPHORS: THE BACKGROUND TO BEHAVIOUR MODIFICATION STRATEGIES FOR FIGHTING AIDS IN AFRICA -- Epidemiology and HIV/AIDS -- Why has mainstream epidemiology had so little infl uence on AIDS discourse? -- The use of metaphor in science -- The legacy of racial science -- The metaphor vs. data: Homo Ancestralis and modern Africans -- Reflections of the Caldwell paradigm in AIDS discourse -- Works that assert higher rates of multi-partnered sex in Africa -- Infl uential works within the behavioural paradigm -- Translating a paradigm into policy -- Conclusion.

Chapter Fifty-seven - ALTERITY IN THE DISCOURSE OF AFRICAN PHILOSOPHY: A FORGOTTEN ABSENCE -- The early nationalists speculating on pre- colonial governance -- Kwasi Wiredu on African consensual democracy -- Non-party rule and one-party rule -- APPENDIX: JACQUES ONWIREDU -- Section Seven -- Chapter Fifty-eight - DEMOCRACY, THEIR DEMOCRACY: OUR PORTION OF THE DISCOURSE -- Democratic culture: a stolen fortune -- Democracies and the expansion of empire -- Totalitarianism at the heart of modern democracies -- Corruption is endemic to multi-party politics -- Social democracy is fl ourishing throughout Latin America -- Democracies' extractive intrusions in Africa -- Chapter Fifty-nine - SALVAGING GHANA'S SURREAL DEMOCRATIC PROCESS -- New democracies in the global context -- Zero-sum cultures and their global impact -- Indigenous democratic institutions -- Analysis of specifi c pieces of legislation -- Obstacles to effective democratic process within the broader socio-political environment -- Concluding recommendations -- Chapter Sixty - STATE, CIVIL SOCIETY AND DEMOCRACY IN AFRICA -- Civil society, communalism and consensus -- Democracy, consensus and civil society -- Chapter Sixty-one - FREE SPEECH IN TRADITIONAL SOCIETY: THE CULTURAL FOUNDATIONS OF COMMUNICATION IN CONTEMPORARY GHANA -- Development -- Oral and print societies -- Mistrust -- Interplay of norms -- Linguistic staff -- State linguist -- Free speech? -- Counselling -- Youth speak -- Verbal taboo -- Gender restraint -- Culture of silence -- Speech as therapy -- Open critique -- Genesis -- Burden of repression -- Unruly speech -- Indirection -- Effects of modernity -- Social order -- Not fearing the King -- Reminiscential oath -- Paralinguistic aggression -- Media insubordination -- Royalty and unmediated debate -- Insult? -- Conclusion.

Chapter Sixty-two - CHIEFTAINCY, NON-PARTISAN GOOD GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPMENT IN GHANA'S MODERN DEMOCRACY -- Introduction -- The structure of traditional African political systems -- Multiple models of chieftaincy -- Political simultaneity in modern African republics -- Demystifying chieftaincy through individual examples -- Should chiefs participate in active party politics? -- The proposed amendment -- The substantive issues -- Should chiefs participate in active party politics? -- Conclusion -- Chapter Sixty-three - GHANA SINCE THE MID-TWENTIETH CENTURY: TRIBE OR NATION? -- Introduction -- Tribe versus Nation -- Nationalisation of tribes -- Building national institutions -- Popular response to alienation -- Impact of liberal ideology -- Elite responses -- Dangerous implications -- Developing the manufacturing and agricultural sectors -- Back to the future: the developmental state -- Conclusion -- Chapter Sixty-four - ETHNICITY AND CITIZENSHIP IN AFRICA: SOME REFLECTIONS -- Introduction -- Some reported ethnic allegiances in Africa -- Ethnicity and access to public goods -- Tanzania -- Kenya -- Botswana -- Ghana -- Nigeria -- Nigeria: indigeneity as a passport for citizenship -- Conclusion -- Chapter Sixty-five - NATIONAL IDENTITY AND THE LANGUAGE OF METAPHOR -- The historical context -- Defining metaphors of the cultural landscape -- The Sankofa principle -- Ananse as a critical self-portrait -- The primal drum -- The slave fort and the spirit of Pan-Africanism -- Conclusion -- Chapter Sixty-six - THE CASE FOR CONTAMINATION: MULTICULTURALISM AS THE NORM IN CONTEMPORARY AFRICA -- I -- II -- III -- IV -- V -- VI -- Chapter Sixty-seven - TRANSPLANTING THE ENGLISH OAK: LEGALISM, LEGALITY, LEGAL PLURALISM AND THE CRIMINAL LAW OF GHANA -- Introduction -- Multiple identities -- Grafting and problems of legal pluralism -- Street violence ('mob justice').

The presumption of innocence and the concept of criminal guilt -- Alternative trial process -- Bail -- Bigamy -- Adultery -- Culture and the defence of provocation -- Shaping the Oak: new directions in custodial sentencing -- Cultivating respect for the law -- Civic education -- Chapter Sixty-eight - CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA 1992: EXCERPTS -- Introduction -- A short historical note on the 1992 Constitution -- The Preamble -- Emergency Powers -- Protection of Rights by the Court -- Electoral Commission -- Political Parties -- Public Lands -- Stool and Skin Lands and Property -- Protecting Natural Resources -- Section Eight -- Chapter Sixty-nine - THE NOSTALGIC DRUM: ORAL LITERATURE AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF MODERN POETRY -- Senghor -- Okigbo -- Okai -- Brathwaite -- Chapter Seventy - AKAN POETRY -- Spoken poetry -- Recitative -- Lyric poetry -- Cradle songs -- Songs from folk tales -- Maiden songs -- Warrior songs -- The poetry of horns and drums -- Conclusion -- APPENDIX THE POETRY OF DRUMS -- Chapter Seventy-one - LITERARY PAN-AFRICANISM: THE PLACE OF THE AFRICAN DIASPORA IN THE EDUCATION AND CONSCIOUSNESS OF AFRICAN INTELLECTUALS -- Africa, its Diaspora, and Pan-Africanism -- The prominence of intra-Diaspora action in literature -- Political ideals -- A critical re-evaluation of Pan-Africanism -- Towards a valid and vital concept of Pan-Africanism -- Chapter Seventy-two - THE METAPHYSICS AND THE POLITICS OF GENDER REPRESENTATION IN THE ARTS OF AFRICA -- Introduction -- A brief literary review -- A gendered ontology -- Gender in art and historical power relations -- A social vision of gender -- Popular forms and gender -- Gender representation in contemporary forms -- Conclusion -- Chapter Seventy-three - WHOSE THEATRE? WHOSE AFRICA? WOLE SOYINKA'S THE ROAD ON THE ROAD -- Introduction -- Cultural nationalism 'versus' postmodernism?.

On The Road in Trinidad -- On The Road in India -- On The Road in England -- 'Africanness' in the world -- Chapter Seventy-four - HISTORY OF THEATRE IN GHANA -- Theatre for cross-cultural commentary -- Theatre for political liberation -- Appendix -- Chapter Seventy-five - 'BOBOKYIKYI'S LAMENT': THEATRE AND THE AFRICAN EXPERIENCE -- Excerpt from SONG OF THE PHARAOH -- Chapter Seventy-six - THE PLAYWRIGHT'S OPPORTUNITY: OUR CHILDREN AT SOURCE IN PRODUCING CHILDREN'S DRAMA -- Children's games and drama -- Folktales and children's drama -- Chapter Seventy-seven - "THE BEST TRADITION GOESON." AUDIENCE CONSUMPTION AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF POPULAR THEATRE IN NEO-LIBERAL GHANA -- Political change and neo- liberalism -- A brief history of concert party -- Nationalism, consumption, and performance at The National Theatre -- The rebirth of Concert Party: advertising, television, and formal change -- Corporate take-over -- Producing and regulating tradition -- Audience: theatre and television reception -- The National Theatre: centralised viewing -- Television: dispersed viewing -- Conclusion -- Chapter Seventy-eight - SOME REASONS FOR TEACHING AFRICAN POPULAR MUSIC STUDIES IN UNIVERSITY -- In the Music Department: practicalities of the job market and Ghana's national sound-scape -- In the Political Science Department: the independence struggle and forging a national identity -- In the History Department: social commentary and history of the inarticulate -- In the Sociology Department: urban pull, socialisation, lingua franca, and generational identity -- University gender studies: women in the music business -- The Political Science Department: researching protest -- African and Black Diasporic studies: Black Atlantic links -- Mass communication and developmental theories -- Chapter Seventy-nine - WHERE IS THE BEAT? IN SEARCH OF METER IN AFRICAN MUSIC.

Principles of rhythm integration.