Title Page -- Table of Contents -- Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Editors' Comment: Recent Changes in Coral Taxonomy -- References -- CHAPTER 1: Introduction -- Background -- Coral Health Perspectives -- Coral Disease Considerations -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 2: Pathology -- Introduction -- A Brief History of Pathology -- General Pathology: Key Concepts for Coral Disease Studies -- Conclusions -- Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 3: Etiology -- Introduction -- Evolution of Causal Concepts in Epidemiology -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 4: Epidemiology -- Overview of Epidemiology -- Describing the Occurrence of Disease -- Transmission and Maintenance of Infection -- Characteristics of the Spread of Infection in Populations -- The Ecology of Disease -- Epidemiology and Coral Reef Science -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 5: History of Coral Disease Research -- Introduction -- Coral Disease Epizootiology -- Black-Band Disease (BBD) -- White Plague (WP) -- White-Band Disease (WBD) -- New Coral Diseases -- Indo-Pacific Coral Diseases -- Coral Disease Etiology -- Environmental Drivers of Disease -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 6: Anatomy -- Introduction -- Cnidarian Anatomy Basics -- Gross Anatomy of Corals -- Microscopic Anatomy of Corals -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- CHAPTER 7: Morphological, Physiological and Cytological Aspects of Reproduction in Scleractinian Corals -- Introduction -- Reproductive Modes: From Gonochorism to True Hermaphroditism -- Gametogenesis -- Spawning Physiology, Cues and Periodicity -- Synchrony of Reproductive Patterns on the Reef -- Reproductive Disruption: Possible Causes -- Asexual Reproduction -- Conclusion -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 8: The Innate Immune System in Cnidarians -- Introduction.

Dynamic Relationships between Cnidarians and Micro-organisms -- PAMP Recognition -- PAMP-Triggered Signal Transduction -- Host Defense Molecules -- Xenophagy and Apoptosis as Protective Mechanisms in Cellular Defense -- Marine Medicine-Can Corals Contribute to an Understanding of Human Diseases? -- Conclusion -- Summary -- Acknowledgement -- References -- CHAPTER 9: Endocrine-Like Signaling in Corals -- Overview -- Terms and Concepts -- Bioregulatory Mechanisms -- Evolutionary Context -- Regulation of Physiological Processes -- Disruption of Signaling and Disease -- Future Directions -- Summary -- Acknowledgement -- References -- CHAPTER 10: Heterotrophic Nutrition of Tropical, Temperate and Deep-Sea Corals -- Corals: Polytrophic Organisms -- Tropical Corals -- Temperate Corals -- Deep-Sea Corals -- Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 11: Nervous System: Morphology and Physiology of Cnidarian Conducting Systems -- Introduction -- Morphology of Conducting Systems -- Electrophysiology of the Conducting Systems -- Chemical Neurotransmitters and Modulators -- Conclusion -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 12: Physiology of Skeletogenesis in Scleractinian Coral -- Introduction -- Structure of Coral Skeleton -- Skeleton Formation in Corals -- Mechanism of Calcification -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 13: Vibriosis -- Introduction -- Vibrio shiloi (Bacterial Bleaching) -- Vibrio coralliilyticus (Coral Bleaching and Lysis) -- Vibrio coralliilyticus (Diseases of Benthic Communities of the Mediterranean Sea) -- Vibrio alginolyticus (Yellow Blotch/Band) -- Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio carchariae (WhiteBand) -- Vibrio harveyi -- Vibrio sp. (Indo-Pacific White Syndrome) -- Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 14: Acroporid Serratiosis -- Introduction and Background -- Etiology -- Epizootiology -- Pathogenesis and General Pathology -- Diagnostic Criteria.

Future Directions -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 15: Aurantimonas coralicida-White Plague Type II -- Introduction and Background -- Etiology -- Epizootiology -- Pathogenesis and General Pathology -- Diagnostic Criteria -- Complications and Controversy -- Control Strategies -- Future Directions -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 16: Aspergillosis of Caribbean Sea Fan Corals, Gorgonia spp. -- History and Geographical Range of Disease Signs -- Normal Host -- Epizootiology -- Pathogenesis/Clinical Course (Change over Time) -- Clinical Features -- Histopathology -- Complications and Controversy -- Future Directions -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 17: Mechanical Lesions and Corallivory -- Introduction -- History and Geographic Range -- Prey Preference, Prevalence and Impact -- Description of Gross Lesions -- Clinical Features -- Mollusks -- Echinoids -- Asteroids -- Polychaetes -- Crustaceans -- Fish Predation -- Corallivory: Causes and Linkages with Diseases -- Complications and Controversy -- Data Gaps and Research Needs -- Conclusions -- Appendix I -- Appendix II -- References -- CHAPTER 18: Coral Bleaching: The Roles of Sea Temperature and Solar Radiation -- Introduction and Background -- The Holobiont and its Environment -- The Bleaching Process in Response to Solar Radiation Stress and Combined Temperature and Solar Radiation Stresses -- Bleaching Tolerance in the Face of Temperature and Solar Radiation Stresses -- Future Directions and Research Needs -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 19: Viruses and Coral Disease -- Introduction -- Cnidarian-Related Viruses -- Epizootiology -- Pathogenicity/Clinical Course -- Complications and Controversy -- Future Directions -- Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 20: Skeletal Growth Anomalies in Corals -- History -- Prevalence -- Etiology -- Pathogenesis and Epizootiology.

Diagnosis -- Prevention and Control -- Research Needs -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 21: White Syndromes of Indo-Pacific Corals -- Introduction -- Clinical -- Pathogenesis -- Epizootiology -- Complications and Controversy -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 22: White Syndromes of Western Atlantic Reef-Building Corals -- Introduction -- History and Geographical Range -- Epizootiology -- Environmental Drivers -- Gross Pathology -- Pathogenesis/Clinical Course -- Histopathology -- Pathology and Etiology -- Complications and Controversy -- Research Needs -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 23: Indo-Pacific Colored-Band Diseases of Corals -- Introduction -- Brown-Band Disease (BrB) -- Black-Band Disease (BBD) -- Skeletal Eroding Band (SEB) -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 24: Cyanobacterial-Associated Colored-Band Diseases of the Atlantic/Caribbean -- Introduction and Background -- Etiology -- Epizootiology -- Pathogenesis and General Pathology -- Diagnostic Criteria -- Complications and Controversy -- Control Strategies -- Future Directions -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 25: Dark-Spots Disease -- History -- Distribution, Host Range and Prevalence -- Etiology -- Incubation, Morbidity and Mortality -- Gross Lesions -- Histopathology -- Immunity -- Diagnosis -- Prevention and Control -- Research Needs -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 26: Halofolliculina Ciliate Infections on Corals (Skeletal Eroding Disease) -- Introduction -- History and Geographical Range -- Clinical Features -- Epizootiology -- Pathogenesis/Clinical Course -- Complications and Controversy -- Future Directions -- Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 27: Yellow-Band Diseases -- Introduction -- Arabian Yellow Band Disease (AYBD) -- Caribbean Yellow Band Disease -- Indo-Pacific Yellow Band Disease -- Controversy and Confusion -- Summary -- References.

CHAPTER 28: Porites Trematodiasis -- History and Geographical Range -- Epizootiology -- Pathogenesis -- Clinical Features -- Future Directions -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 29: Pink-Line Syndrome -- Background -- Etiology -- Epizootiology -- Pathogenesis -- Histology -- Physiological Profile of PLS-Affected Corals -- Future Directions and Research Needs -- Controversies and Complications -- Summary -- Acknowledgement -- References -- CHAPTER 30: Coral "Bleaching" as a Generalized Stress Response to Environmental Disturbance -- Brief History -- Etiology and Pathogenesis -- Clinical Features -- Complications and Controversy -- Conclusion -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 31: Diseases of Octocorals -- Introduction -- Black Band Disease-Various Species -- Necrosis of Eunicella verrucosa -- Bleaching-Associated Necrosis of Briareum asbestinum -- Growth Anomalies of Gorgonia ventalina -- Entocladiasis of Pseudoplexaura spp. -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 32: The Diseases of Deep-Water Corals -- Classification, Distribution and Ecology of Deep-Sea Corals -- Anatomy, Physiology and Ecology of Deep-Sea Corals -- Diseases of Deep-Water and Cold-Water Corals -- Methods for Coral Disease Investigations -- Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 33: Biocontainment Practices for Coral Disease Research -- Introduction -- Prevention of Unintentional Disease Introduction and Spread in an Aquatic Research Facility -- Containment of Coral Pathogens in a Facility -- Opening Pandora's Box: Field Studies of Coral Diseases -- Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 34: Closing Pandora's Box: Regulations and Permitting Considerations for Coral Disease Research -- Introduction -- General Permitting Considerations -- Special Requirements/Considerations -- Field Manipulation Issues -- Coral Disease Transmission Studies.

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