Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Defending Rights in Russia -- Introduction -- 1 The Russian and Soviet Bars: A Historical Perspective, 1864-1984 -- 2 The Advokatura in the Gorbachev Period, 1985- 91 -- 3 Chaos in the Advokatura, 1992-2002 -- 4 Autonomy and Dependence: State- Bar Relations in the 1990s -- 5 Restructuring the Advokatura from Above, 2002- 3 -- 6 Russian Criminal Defence Advocacy in the Post- Soviet Era -- 7 New Trends in Advocates' Practice in the Civil Sphere -- Conclusion -- Appendix 1: Surveys of Advocates' Opinions -- Appendix 2: Stages in a Criminal Case in Russia -- Notes -- Selected Bibliography -- Index.